Orm family proteins mediate sphingolipid homeostasis.

Orm family proteins mediate sphingolipid homeostasis.
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ORM家族蛋白介导鞘脂稳态。

DOI:
10.1038/nature08787
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发表时间:
2010-02-25
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Weissman, Jonathan S.
Weissman, Jonathan S.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Breslow, David K.;Collins, Sean R.;Bodenmiller, Bernd;Aebersold, Ruedi;Simons, Kai;Shevchenko, Andrej;Ejsing, Christer S.;Weissman, Jonathan S.

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尽管鞘脂作为膜的结构成分和关键信号分子发挥着重要作用,但我们对细胞如何感知和调节其水平的了解有限。在这里,我们揭示了 ORM/ORMDL 基因在鞘脂代谢中的功能,ORM/ORMDL 基因是一个保守的基因家族,其中包括 ORMDL3,最近被确定为儿童哮喘的潜在危险因素。从公正的功能基因组方法开始,我们将 Orm 蛋白鉴定为鞘脂合成的负调节因子,与丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶形成保守复合物,丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶是鞘脂生产中的第一个限速酶。我们还定义了一条调节途径,当鞘脂生成受到干扰时,Orm 蛋白的磷酸化可解除其抑制活性。 ORM 基因表达的变化或其磷酸化位点的突变会导致鞘脂代谢失调。我们的工作确定了 Orm 蛋白是鞘脂稳态的关键介质,并提出了鞘脂失调导致儿童哮喘发生的可能性。
Despite the essential roles of sphingolipids as both structural components of membranes and critical signalling molecules, we have a limited understanding of how cells sense and regulate their levels. Here we reveal the function in sphingolipid metabolism of the ORM/ORMDL genes, a conserved gene family that includes ORMDL3, which has recently been identified as a potential risk factor for childhood asthma. Starting from an unbiased functional genomic approach, we identify Orm proteins as negative regulators of sphingolipid synthesis that form a conserved complex with serine palmitoyltransferase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme in sphingolipid production. We also define a regulatory pathway in which phosphorylation of Orm proteins relieves their inhibitory activity when sphingolipid production is disrupted. Changes in ORM gene expression or mutations to their phosphorylation sites cause dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism. Our work identifies the Orm proteins as critical mediators of sphingolipid homeostasis and raises the possibility that sphingolipid misregulation contributes to the development of childhood asthma.
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