Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis II: Implications for Myelin Repair.
Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis II: Implications for Myelin Repair.
复制标题
少突胶质细胞生成的激素调节II：对髓鞘修复的影响。
DOI：
10.3390/biom11020290
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发表时间：
2021-02-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Kaufer D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breton JM;Long KLP;Barraza MK;Perloff OS;Kaufer D
髓磷脂（轴突周围的保护性和绝缘鞘）的改变会影响脑功能，这在脱髓鞘疾病中很明显，髓磷脂的丧失导致认知和运动功能障碍。最近的证据表明，髓鞘形成的改变，包括髓鞘形成过多和过少，也可能在许多神经和精神疾病中发挥作用。因此，保护髓磷脂和促进髓鞘再生对多种疾病至关重要。少突胶质细胞（OLs）是产生髓磷脂的细胞，而少突胶质细胞的生成，即新OLs的产生，在整个生命过程中持续进行，是髓磷脂可塑性和髓鞘再生所必需的。因此，了解疾病背景下少突胶质细胞形成和髓磷脂可塑性的调控对于开发新的治疗靶点至关重要。在我们的同伴手稿中，我们回顾了文献，表明在生理条件下，多种激素类参与了少突胶质发生的调节。大多数激素促进少突胶质细胞的发生，增加少突胶质细胞前体细胞的分化，诱导OLs的成熟和髓磷脂的产生。因此，激素治疗是促进髓鞘再生的一个有希望的途径。在这里，我们回顾了在疾病背景下激素调节少突胶质发生的文献。我们专注于类固醇激素，包括糖皮质激素和性激素，肽激素，如胰岛素样生长因子1和甲状腺激素。对于每种激素，我们描述了它们是否有助于OL存活、分化或髓鞘再生，并讨论了它们的作用机制，如果已知的话。其中一些激素在动物模型和人类条件下都产生了有希望的结果；然而，更好地了解激素的作用、相互作用及其机制将最终导致髓磷脂修复的更有针对性的治疗。
Alterations in myelin, the protective and insulating sheath surrounding axons, affect brain function, as is evident in demyelinating diseases where the loss of myelin leads to cognitive and motor dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that changes in myelination, including both hyper- and hypo-myelination, may also play a role in numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases. Protecting myelin and promoting remyelination is thus crucial for a wide range of disorders. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the cells that generate myelin, and oligodendrogenesis, the creation of new OLs, continues throughout life and is necessary for myelin plasticity and remyelination. Understanding the regulation of oligodendrogenesis and myelin plasticity within disease contexts is, therefore, critical for the development of novel therapeutic targets. In our companion manuscript, we review literature demonstrating that multiple hormone classes are involved in the regulation of oligodendrogenesis under physiological conditions. The majority of hormones enhance oligodendrogenesis, increasing oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and inducing maturation and myelin production in OLs. Thus, hormonal treatments present a promising route to promote remyelination. Here, we review the literature on hormonal regulation of oligodendrogenesis within the context of disorders. We focus on steroid hormones, including glucocorticoids and sex hormones, peptide hormones such as insulin-like growth factor 1, and thyroid hormones. For each hormone, we describe whether they aid in OL survival, differentiation, or remyelination, and we discuss their mechanisms of action, if known. Several of these hormones have yielded promising results in both animal models and in human conditions; however, a better understanding of hormonal effects, interactions, and their mechanisms will ultimately lead to more targeted therapeutics for myelin repair.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Borba VV;Zandman-Goddard G;Shoenfeld Y
通讯作者：
Shoenfeld Y
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Anan'ina T;Kisel A;Kudabaeva M;Chernysheva G;Smolyakova V;Usov K;Krutenkova E;Plotnikov M;Khodanovich M
通讯作者：
Khodanovich M
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Arvanitis, DN;Wang, HM;Boggs, JM
通讯作者：
Boggs, JM
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Aharoni, Rina;Schottlender, Nofar;Arnon, Ruth
通讯作者：
Arnon, Ruth
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bebo, BF;Zelinka-Vincent, E;Offner, H
通讯作者：
Offner, H