Children’s application of decision strategies in a compensatory environment

Children’s application of decision strategies in a compensatory environment
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儿童在补偿性环境中应用决策策略

DOI:
10.1017/s1930297500006562
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Glöckner
Glöckner
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Betsch;Lehmann;Lindow;Glöckner

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自适应参与者必须能够使用概率作为决策权重。在一个计算机化的多属性任务中,作者检查了儿童(5-6岁,n = 44; 9-10岁,n = 39)和成人(21-22岁,n = 31)在一个环境中的决策,该环境促进了加权加性策略的应用,该策略使用概率作为权重(WADD:选择具有最高概率值乘积和的选项)。应用基于贝叶斯结果的成人研究策略分类程序,我们确定了WADD和其他几种策略(词典法、等权、naïve贝叶斯、猜测和饱和模型)在个体水平上的使用。正如理论所预期的那样,成人wadd使用者的患病率很高。相比之下,没有学龄前儿童可以被归类为概率敏感策略的使用者。近三分之一的三年级学生使用概率敏感策略。
Adaptive actors must be able to use probabilities as decision weights. In a computerized multi-attribute task, the authors examined the decisions of children (5–6 years, n = 44; 9–10 y., n = 39) and adults (21–22 y., n = 31) in an environment that fosters the application of a weighted-additive strategy that uses probabilities as weights (WADD: choose option with highest sum of probability-value products). Applying a Bayesian outcome-based strategy classification procedure from adult research, we identified the utilization of WADD and several other strategies (lexicographic, equal weight, naïve Bayes, guessing, and saturated model) on the individual level. As expected based on theory, the prevalence of WADD-users in adults was high. In contrast, no preschoolers could be classified as users of probability-sensitive strategies. Nearly one-third of third-graders used probability-sensitive strategies.
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发表时间: 1995
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