EEG microstates of dreams.
EEG microstates of dreams.
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梦的脑电图微状态
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-74075-z
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发表时间：
2020-10-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Michel CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bréchet L;Brunet D;Perogamvros L;Tononi G;Michel CM
为什么人们有时会说他们记得梦，而在其他时候他们回忆不起任何经历？尽管人们对夜间可能发生的梦很感兴趣，但仍不清楚哪些大脑状态决定了这些有意识的经历是否会发生，以及是什么阻止我们在这些事件中醒来。在这里，我们解决这个问题，通过比较脑电图活动之前唤醒与回忆与没有回忆的梦想，使用脑电图微观状态的方法。这种方法表征了亚秒持续时间的瞬时稳定大脑状态，其涉及具有几乎同步动态的神经网络。我们发现，两个微状态（3和4）占主导地位，在NREM睡眠相比，休息清醒。此外，在NREM睡眠中，微状态3在随后的梦回忆期间表达更多，而微状态4表达较少。源定位显示，微观状态3包括内侧额叶，而微观状态4涉及枕叶皮质，以及丘脑和脑干结构。由于NREM睡眠的特点是低频同步，指示神经元的双稳态，我们解释的“额叶”微状态3的存在增加作为一个更深的局部失活的迹象，和“枕叶”微状态4的存在减少作为一个迹象的局部激活。后者可能解释了具有丰富感知内容的梦的发生，而前者可能解释了为什么做梦的大脑可能经历执行断开并保持睡眠。这项研究表明，NREM睡眠由交替的大脑状态组成，其时间动态决定了意识体验是否出现。
Why do people sometimes report that they remember dreams, while at other times they recall no experience? Despite the interest in dreams that may happen during the night, it has remained unclear which brain states determine whether these conscious experiences will occur and what prevents us from waking up during these episodes. Here we address this issue by comparing the EEG activity preceding awakenings with recalled vs. no recall of dreams using the EEG microstate approach. This approach characterizes transiently stable brain states of sub-second duration that involve neural networks with nearly synchronous dynamics. We found that two microstates (3 and 4) dominated during NREM sleep compared to resting wake. Further, within NREM sleep, microstate 3 was more expressed during periods followed by dream recall, whereas microstate 4 was less expressed. Source localization showed that microstate 3 encompassed the medial frontal lobe, whereas microstate 4 involved the occipital cortex, as well as thalamic and brainstem structures. Since NREM sleep is characterized by low-frequency synchronization, indicative of neuronal bistability, we interpret the increased presence of the “frontal” microstate 3 as a sign of deeper local deactivation, and the reduced presence of the “occipital” microstate 4 as a sign of local activation. The latter may account for the occurrence of dreaming with rich perceptual content, while the former may account for why the dreaming brain may undergo executive disconnection and remain asleep. This study demonstrates that NREM sleep consists of alternating brain states whose temporal dynamics determine whether conscious experience arises.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Fairhall, Adrienne L.
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