Why do plasmids manipulate the expression of bacterial phenotypes?
Why do plasmids manipulate the expression of bacterial phenotypes?
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0461
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发表时间：
2022-01-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brockhurst MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Billane K;Harrison E;Cameron D;Brockhurst MA
接合质粒在细菌进化中发挥重要作用，通过在谱系之间转移生态位适应性特征，从而驱动适应和基因组多样化。然而，越来越清楚的是，除了这种进化作用之外，质粒还操纵广泛的细菌表型的表达。在这篇综述中，我们认为，质粒对细菌表型表达的影响可能往往代表质粒适应，而不仅仅是有害的副作用。我们开始通过总结非靶向组学分析的结果，这给出了质粒收购对宿主细胞的全局影响的图片。此后，由于许多质粒能够垂直和水平传播，我们根据质粒的潜在适合性益处将质粒介导的表型效应分为两大类：（i）促进宿主细胞在给定生态位中的竞争力从而增加质粒垂直传播的那些，以及（ii）促进质粒接合从而增加质粒水平传播的那些。我们认为，质粒不仅仅是基因交换的载体，它还经常充当复杂的遗传寄生虫，能够操纵它们的细菌宿主以获得自身的利益。本文是“微生物移动的遗传元素的秘密生活”专题的一部分。
Conjugative plasmids play an important role in bacterial evolution by transferring niche-adaptive traits between lineages, thus driving adaptation and genome diversification. It is increasingly clear, however, that in addition to this evolutionary role, plasmids also manipulate the expression of a broad range of bacterial phenotypes. In this review, we argue that the effects that plasmids have on the expression of bacterial phenotypes may often represent plasmid adaptations, rather than mere deleterious side effects. We begin by summarizing findings from untargeted omics analyses, which give a picture of the global effects of plasmid acquisition on host cells. Thereafter, because many plasmids are capable of both vertical and horizontal transmission, we distinguish plasmid-mediated phenotypic effects into two main classes based upon their potential fitness benefit to plasmids: (i) those that promote the competitiveness of the host cell in a given niche and thereby increase plasmid vertical transmission, and (ii) those that promote plasmid conjugation and thereby increase plasmid horizontal transmission. Far from being mere vehicles for gene exchange, we propose that plasmids often act as sophisticated genetic parasites capable of manipulating their bacterial hosts for their own benefit. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.
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