The primate malaria parasites Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium brasilianum and Plasmodium ovale spp.: genomic insights into distribution, dispersal and host transitions.

The primate malaria parasites Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium brasilianum and Plasmodium ovale spp.: genomic insights into distribution, dispersal and host transitions.
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灵长类疟疾寄生虫三日疟原虫、巴西疟原虫和卵形疟原虫:基因组的分布,传播和主机转换的见解。

DOI:
10.1186/s12936-022-04151-4
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发表时间:
2022-05-03
期刊:
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Sutherland, Colin J.
Sutherland, Colin J.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fuehrer, Hans-Peter;Campino, Susana;Sutherland, Colin J.

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在20世纪,人们对感染人类和野生灵长类的疟原虫的认识有了突飞猛进的发展。这基于三个主要的数据来源:详细的描述性形态学、圈养灵长类、梅毒患者、囚犯和志愿者的诱导感染观察史,以及实地的临床和流行病学研究。这三个来源都完全依赖于血涂片显微镜检查所获得的寄生虫学信息,科特尼及其同事(1971年)所著的《灵长类疟疾》对当时的这方面知识进行了概述。在此,50年后,从21世纪第三个十年的视角对两对灵长类疟原虫物种进行了阐述。其中包括对这四个物种中每一个物种近期和当前地理分布的近乎详尽的总结,以及对每个物种的基础分子和基因组证据的总结。讨论了宿主转换在疟原虫属辐射中的重要作用,以及这对期望在人类群体中消除所有疟原虫物种的任何影响。提出了两个重要问题,需要对这些经常被忽视的分类群进行进一步研究。在美洲野生猴类宿主中传播的巴西疟原虫与三日疟原虫是不同的物种吗?对卵形疟原虫库氏亚种和卵形疟原虫沃氏亚种之间基因组差异的新见解能否与寄生虫形态、细胞生物学或临床和流行病学特征的任何重要差异相关联?
During the twentieth century, there was an explosion in understanding of the malaria parasites infecting humans and wild primates. This was built on three main data sources: from detailed descriptive morphology, from observational histories of induced infections in captive primates, syphilis patients, prison inmates and volunteers, and from clinical and epidemiological studies in the field. All three were wholly dependent on parasitological information from blood-film microscopy, and The Primate Malarias” by Coatney and colleagues (1971) provides an overview of this knowledge available at that time. Here, 50 years on, a perspective from the third decade of the twenty-first century is presented on two pairs of primate malaria parasite species. Included is a near-exhaustive summary of the recent and current geographical distribution for each of these four species, and of the underlying molecular and genomic evidence for each. The important role of host transitions in the radiation of Plasmodium spp. is discussed, as are any implications for the desired elimination of all malaria species in human populations. Two important questions are posed, requiring further work on these often ignored taxa. Is Plasmodium brasilianum, circulating among wild simian hosts in the Americas, a distinct species from Plasmodium malariae? Can new insights into the genomic differences between Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri be linked to any important differences in parasite morphology, cell biology or clinical and epidemiological features?
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