Traffic-related air pollution reduction at UK schools during the Covid-19 lockdown.
Traffic-related air pollution reduction at UK schools during the Covid-19 lockdown.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146651
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发表时间：
2021-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hayes E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown L;Barnes J;Hayes E
城市二氧化氮 (NO2) 升高是道路交通和其他化石燃料燃烧源造成的，而道路交通部门对英国的二氧化氮排放量做出了重大贡献。吸入与交通相关的空气污染（包括二氧化氮）会对人类健康造成一系列问题。由于器官正在发育，儿童特别容易受到吸入空气污染的负面影响。因此，学校和相关的旅行行为是减少儿童接触这些有害污染物的重要研究领域。 COVID-19 于 2020 年 1 月下旬抵达英国。当年 3 月 23 日，英国政府宣布在全国范围内实施居家令或封锁，禁止所有非必要的旅行以及与自己家以外的人接触。封锁还关闭了学校、公共设施、便利设施、企业和礼拜场所。目前的研究旨在评估英格兰学校因封锁而在全国范围内减少二氧化氮排放的重要性，以强调英格兰学校和潜在儿童接触环境中相关行为变化的好处。 NO2 数据采集自英国托儿所、小学、中学和大学 500 m 范围内的所有 AURN（自动城乡网络）监测点。在英国封锁的第一个月，背景（-35.13%）和交通（-40.82%）站点的平均二氧化氮浓度显着降低。虽然封锁限制无疑是不可持续的，但研究结果表明，当公众行为转向积极出行、在家工作政策和普遍减少污染车辆的使用时，英格兰学校的二氧化氮排放量可能会减少，儿童接触二氧化氮的可能性也可能会减少。
Elevated urban Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a consequence of road traffic and other fossil-fuel combustion sources, and the road transport sector provides a significant contribution to UK NO2 emissions. The inhalation of traffic-related air pollution, including NO2, can cause a range of problems to human health. Due to their developing organs, children are particularly susceptible to the negative effects of air pollution inhalation. Accordingly, schools and associated travel behaviours present an important area of study for the reduction of child exposure to these harmful pollutants. COVID-19 reached the UK in late January 2020. On the 23rd of March that year, the UK government announced a nationwide stay-at-home order, or lockdown, banning all non-essential travel and contact with people outside of their own homes. The lockdown was accompanied by the closure of schools, public facilities, amenities, businesses and places of worship. The current study aims to assess the significance of nationwide NO2 reductions at schools in England as a consequence of the lockdown in order to highlight the benefits of associated behavioural changes within the context of schools in England and potential child exposure. NO2 data were collected from all AURN (Automatic Urban and Rural Network) monitoring sites within 500 m of nurseries, primary schools, secondary schools and colleges in England. A significant reduction of mean NO2 concentrations was observed in the first month of the UK lockdown at background (−35.13%) and traffic (−40.82%) sites. Whilst lockdown restrictions are undoubtedly unsustainable, the study results demonstrate the possible reductions of NO2 at schools in England and potential reductions of child exposure that are achievable when public behaviours shift towards active travel, work from home policies and generally lower use of polluting vehicles.
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