Adoption and trauma: Risks, recovery, and the lived experience of adoption.
Adoption and trauma: Risks, recovery, and the lived experience of adoption.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105309
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Palacios J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brodzinsky D;Gunnar M;Palacios J
虽然是一个非常多样化的群体，但被收养者可能会出现不同严重程度的发育和心理健康问题。安置前的逆境和创伤往往与这些问题有关。也有人认为，收养本身是一种心理创伤，使个人容易产生情感困难。本文探讨了早期逆境，创伤和收养之间的联系。我们开始定义创伤，然后描述安置前的逆境如何破坏神经行为和人际功能，增加长期心理困难的风险。接下来，我们研究儿童在稳定的收养家庭中的恢复情况。最后，我们探讨采用作为一个活生生的经验，突出上下文和发展因素，促进人的积极或消极的归因被采用，导致不同的模式的情绪调整。虽然安置前的逆境增加了被收养者适应不良的风险，但人类的大脑和行为是可塑性的，安置在养育收养家庭通常有助于从早期逆境中恢复，在功能领域内和跨功能领域的恢复程度具有显着的异质性。虽然没有证据表明早期收养对个人来说是一种创伤，但持续的负面生活环境，依恋困难和关于收养的发展介导的归因会破坏一个人的自尊，身份，关系和幸福感。最后提出结论与未来研究的建议。
Although a very heterogeneous group, adopted persons may present developmental and mental health problems of varying severity. Pre-placement adversity and trauma have often been linked to these problems. It has been also suggested that adoption itself is a psychological trauma, predisposing the individual to emotional difficulties. This article examines the links between early adversity, trauma, and adoption. We begin by defining trauma and then describe the way in which pre-placement adversity can undermine neurobehavioral and interpersonal functioning, increasing the risk for long-term psychological difficulties. Next, we examine children’s recovery when placed in a stable adoptive home. Finally, we explore adoption as a lived experience, highlighting contextual and developmental factors that facilitate the person’s positive or negative attributions about being adopted, leading to varying patterns of emotional adjustment. Although pre-placement adversity increases adopted individuals’ risk for maladjustment, the human brain and behavior are malleable, and placement in a nurturing adoptive home often facilitates recovery from early adversity, with significant heterogeneity in the extent of recovery within and across domains of functioning. While there is no evidence that early adoption is a trauma for the individual, ongoing negative life circumstances, attachment difficulties, and developmentally-mediated attributions about adoption can undermine the person’s self-esteem, identity, relationships, and sense of well-being. Conclusions and suggestions for future research are offered.
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影响因子：
26.1
作者：
Bick, Johanna;Zhu, Tong;Stamoulis, Catherine;Fox, Nathan A.;Zeanah, Charles;Nelson, Charles A.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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