Thymosin beta(4) and beta(10) levels in pre-term newborn oral cavity and foetal salivary glands evidence a switch of secretion during foetal development.
Thymosin beta(4) and beta(10) levels in pre-term newborn oral cavity and foetal salivary glands evidence a switch of secretion during foetal development.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0005109
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Castagnola M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nemolato S;Messana I;Cabras T;Manconi B;Inzitari R;Fanali C;Vento G;Tirone C;Romagnoli C;Riva A;Fanni D;Di Felice E;Faa G;Castagnola M
通过反相高效色谱法与电喷雾离子阱质谱联用，检测了人类早产儿全唾液中的胸腺肽 β4、其亚砜和胸腺肽 β10。尽管个体间差异很大，但β-胸腺肽浓度与经后年龄（PMA：胎龄加上出生后实际年龄）成反比趋势增加，在PMA 190天（27周）时达到成人全唾液值的20倍以上（胸腺肽4浓度：大于2.0 µmol/L vs 0.1 µmol/L）。另一方面，在所检查的所有 PMA 范围（PMA 190-550 天）中，胸腺肽 β4 和胸腺肽 β10 之间的比率呈现出约 4 的恒定值。为了研究胸腺肽β4的起源并更好地确定其产量随胎龄（GA）的变化趋势，从胎龄84天（12周）开始，对不同早产胎儿的大唾液腺和小唾液腺进行了免疫组织化学分析。尽管个体间和个体内差异很大，但在所有腺体中都观察到了反应性颗粒，在 GA 的 140-150 天左右表达量最大。在婴儿和成人中，未观察到腺泡细胞中的反应颗粒，而仅观察到导管细胞中的弥漫性细胞质染色。这项研究首次概述了胎儿时期的唾液腺表达和分泌肽，例如可能参与口腔及其附件发育的β-胸腺素。分泌量从 GA 约 12 周到约 21 周增加，随后减少，在预产期期间几乎消失，此时腺体转而分泌成人特异性唾液肽。观察到的转换可能是胎儿发育过程中涉及其他外分泌和内分泌腺的进一步分泌转换的例子。
Thymosin β4, its sulfoxide, and thymosin β10 were detected in whole saliva of human pre-term newborns by reversed-phase high performance chromatography coupled to electrospray ion-trap mass spectrometry. Despite high inter-individual variability, concentration of β-thymosins increases with an inversely proportional trend to postmenstrual age (PMA: gestational age plus chronological age after birth) reaching a value more than twenty times higher than in adult whole saliva at 190 days (27 weeks) of PMA (thymosin β4 concentration: more than 2.0 µmol/L versus 0.1 µmol/L). On the other hand, the ratio between thymosin β4 and thymosin β10 exhibits a constant value of about 4 along all the range of PMA (190–550 days of PMA) examined. In order to investigate thymosin β4 origin and to better establish the trend of its production as a function of gestational age (GA), immunohistochemical analysis of major and minor salivary glands of different pre-term fetuses were carried out, starting from 84 days (12 weeks) of gestational age. Reactive granules were seen in all glands with a maximum of expression around 140–150 days of GA, even though with high inter- and intra-individual variability. In infants and adults reactive granules in acinar cells were not observed, but just a diffuse cytoplasmatic staining in ductal cells. This study outlines for the first time that salivary glands during foetal life express and secrete peptides such as β-thymosins probably involved in the development of the oral cavity and its annexes. The secretion increases from about 12 weeks till to about 21 weeks of GA, subsequently it decreases, almost disappearing in the period of expected date of delivery, when the gland switches towards the secretion of adult specific salivary peptides. The switch observed may be an example of further secretion switches involving other exocrine and endocrine glands during foetal development.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1415.046
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
THYMOSINS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
影响因子：
--
作者：
Badamchian, Mahnaz;Damavandy, Ali A.;Goldstein, Allan L.
通讯作者：
Goldstein, Allan L.
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Huff, T;Hannappel, E
通讯作者：
Hannappel, E
DOI：
10.1016/s1044-0305(97)00284-5
发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Zhang, ZQ;Marshall, AG
通讯作者：
Marshall, AG
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.78.2.1162
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
LOW, TLK;HU, SK;GOLDSTEIN, AL
通讯作者：
GOLDSTEIN, AL
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bock-Marquette, I;Saxena, A;Srivastava, D
通讯作者：
Srivastava, D