Centrality of the umbilical cord insertion in a human placenta influences the placental efficiency.
Centrality of the umbilical cord insertion in a human placenta influences the placental efficiency.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.placenta.2009.10.001
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发表时间：
2009-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Thorp, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yampolsky, M.;Salafia, Carolyn M.;Shlakhter, O.;Haas, D.;Eucker, B.;Thorp, J.
我们评估脐带植入的非中心性对胎盘效率的影响以及对绒毛膜血管分布的影响，以确定脐带中心性是否对胎盘功能有可测量的影响，如出生体重所反映的。从一个预期队列中收集的1225个胎盘有绒毛膜板的数字照片。其中足月妊娠1023例，脐带绒毛植入44例，临床资料缺失12例，N=967例(94.5%)。数学工具包括胎盘血管的动态随机生长模型，胎盘周长的径向参数化的傅立叶分析，以及从手动跟踪胎儿绒毛膜表面图像得出的相对绒毛膜血管密度(血管覆盖范围中的“间隙”的测量)。双变量相关性适当地使用了皮尔逊或斯皮尔曼的等级相关性，p<；0.05被认为是显著的。胎盘半径的标准差(胎盘不圆的量度)与脐带移位的相关性可忽略不计(r=0.01)。有脐带移位的血管生长模型的经验模拟显示，脐带移位为胎盘半径的10%-50%时，没有偏离正常的圆形到椭圆形的胎盘形状。代谢标度指数β与傅立叶分析测得的脐带位移的相关系数为0.17(p<；0.001)。对示踪图像中绒毛膜血管密度的分析表明，相对血管距离与脐带移位高度相关：在一组12幅图像中为0.59，在另一组28幅图像中为0.20。在观察或模拟的胎盘中，非中心脐带插入与胎盘形状几乎没有可测量的相关性。然而，脐带移位的胎盘表现出明显的运输效率降低，反映在较大的β值上，因此在给定胎盘重量的情况下出生体重较小。以相对血管距离衡量，非中心性脐带附着的胎盘绒毛膜血管分布较稀疏。即使典型的非中心植入的胎盘是正常圆形的，其血管系统在新陈代谢方面的效果也较差。这些发现证明了另一种方法，通过改变胎盘结构可能会影响胎儿环境，影响出生体重，并可能导致以后的健康风险。
We assess the effect on placental efficiency of the non-centrality of the umbilical cord insertion and on chorionic vascular distribution to determine if cord centrality measurably affects placental function as reflected in birth weight. 1,225 placentas collected from a prospective cohort had digital photographs of the chorionic plate. Of these, 1023 were term, 44 had velamentous cord insertion and 12 had missing clinical data, leaving N=967 (94.5 %) cases for analysis. Mathematical tools included a dynamical stochastic growth model of placental vasculature, Fourier analysis of radial parameterization of placental perimeters, and relative chorionic vascular density (a measure of “gaps” in the vascular coverage) derived from manual tracings of the fetal chorionic surface images. Bivariate correlations used Pearson's or Spearman's rank correlation as appropriate, with p<0.05 considered significant. The correlation of the standard deviation of the placental radius (a measure of non-roundness of the placenta) with cord displacement was negligible (r=0.01). Empirical simulations of the vascular growth model with cord displacement showed no deviation from a normal round-to-oval placental shape for cord displacement of 10 – 50% of placental radius. The correlation of the metabolic scaling exponent β with cord displacement measured by Fourier analysis is 0.17 (p < 0.001). Analysis of the chorionic vascular density in traced images shows a high correlation of the relative vascular distance with cord displacement: 0.59 in one set of 12 images, and 0.20 in the other set of 28 images. Non-central cord insertion has little measurable correlation with placental shape in observed or simulated placentas. However, placentas with a displaced cord show a markedly reduced transport efficiency, reflected in a larger value of β and hence in a smaller birth weight for a given placental weight. Placentas with a non-central cord insertion have a sparser chorionic vascular distribution, as measured by the relative vascular distance. Even if typically a placenta with a non-central insertion is of a normal round shape, its vasculature is less metabolically effective. These findings demonstrate another method by which altered placental structure may affect the fetal environment, influencing birth weight and potentially contributing to later health risks.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Salafia, CM;Maas, E;Savitz, DA
通讯作者：
Savitz, DA
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Salafia CM;Yampolsky M
通讯作者：
Yampolsky M
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Yampolsky, M.;Salafia, C. M.;Shlakhter, O.;Haas, D.;Eucker, B.;Thorp, J.
通讯作者：
Thorp, J.
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Figueras, F.;Fernandez, S.;Gratacos, E.
通讯作者：
Gratacos, E.
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Lackman, F;Capewell, V;Richardson, B
通讯作者：
Richardson, B