Example-based learning: The benefits of prompting organization before providing examples

Example-based learning: The benefits of prompting organization before providing examples
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基于示例的学习:在提供示例之前提示组织的好处

DOI:
10.1016/j.learninstruc.2016.11.012
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Rumann
Rumann
中科院分区:
教育学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roelle;Hiller;Berthold;Rumann

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基于示例的学习通常遵循这样的设计,其中学习者首先接收传达新原理和概念的教学解释,然后接收其示例。在这种情况下,使用教学解释的知识成分来解释示例(即,生成基于原则的自我解释)被认为是非常重要的学习过程。然而,这种学习过程的一个潜在的次优性是,它几乎不需要学习者将教学解释的内容组织成连贯的心理表征。因此,在两个实验中,我们调查是否提示学习者组织的内容的教学解释之前,为他们提供的例子(和自我解释提示),提高了基于实例的学习的有效性。我们一致发现,组织提示促进学习,无论学习者是否也收到自我解释提示。因此,在基于实例的学习中,学习者不仅要产生基于原则的自我解释,而且要组织教学解释的内容。
Example-based learning often follows a design in which learners first receive instructional explanations that communicate new principles and concepts and second examples thereof. In this setting, using the knowledge components of the instructional explanations to explain the examples (i.e., generating principle-based self-explanations) is considered to be a highly important learning process. However, a potential suboptimality of this learning process is that it scarcely requires learners to organize the content of the instructional explanations into coherent mental representations. Thus, in two experiments we investigated whether prompting learners to organize the content of the instructional explanations before providing them with the examples (and self-explanation prompts) enhances the effectiveness of example-based learning. We consistently found that organization prompts fostered learning regardless of whether the learners also received self-explanation prompts. Hence, in example-based learning, learners should be prompted to not only generate principle-based self-explanations but also to organize the content of the instructional explanations.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2000
期刊:
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通过使用不言自明的例子的提示来学习论证技巧。
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