Metagenomic analysis and metabolite profiling of deep-sea sediments from the Gulf of Mexico following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
Metagenomic analysis and metabolite profiling of deep-sea sediments from the Gulf of Mexico following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2013.00050
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Morris PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimes NE;Callaghan AV;Aktas DF;Smith WL;Sunner J;Golding B;Drozdowska M;Hazen TC;Suflita JM;Morris PJ
深海沉积物等海洋地下环境中存在着丰富多样的微生物群落，据信这些微生物群落会影响大规模的地球化学过程。这些过程包括许多石油成分的生物转化和矿化。因此，墨西哥湾的微生物群落被认为是负责深水地平线（DWH）石油泄漏释放的原油的内在生物修复。虽然已知碳氢化合物污染会使深海生境中的好氧降解石油的细菌增多，但对深海沉积物中的群落的反应知之甚少，因为深海沉积物中的低氧水平可能会阻碍这种反应。在这里，我们研究的假设，增加碳氢化合物暴露的结果在改变沉积物微生物群落结构，反映了石油生物降解的前景，在当时的条件下。我们探索这一假设，使用宏基因组分析和代谢物分析深海沉积物样品后，DWH石油泄漏。好氧微生物群落和相关的功能基因的存在是一致的所有样品中，而更多的Deltaproteobacteria和厌氧功能基因被发现在沉积物中最接近DWH井喷现场。代谢物分析还显示，相对于127公里外的背景地点，井喷区周围沉积物中的推定代谢物数量更多。推定代谢物的质谱分析显示，烷基琥珀酸酯仍低于检测水平，但可以检测到苄基琥珀酸酯（碳链长度为5至10）的同源系列。我们的研究结果表明，增加暴露于碳氢化合物丰富的三角变形菌，这是已知的能够厌氧碳氢化合物代谢。我们还提供了证据，一个活跃的微生物群落代谢芳烃在深海沉积物的墨西哥湾。
Marine subsurface environments such as deep-sea sediments, house abundant and diverse microbial communities that are believed to influence large-scale geochemical processes. These processes include the biotransformation and mineralization of numerous petroleum constituents. Thus, microbial communities in the Gulf of Mexico are thought to be responsible for the intrinsic bioremediation of crude oil released by the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. While hydrocarbon contamination is known to enrich for aerobic, oil-degrading bacteria in deep-seawater habitats, relatively little is known about the response of communities in deep-sea sediments, where low oxygen levels may hinder such a response. Here, we examined the hypothesis that increased hydrocarbon exposure results in an altered sediment microbial community structure that reflects the prospects for oil biodegradation under the prevailing conditions. We explore this hypothesis using metagenomic analysis and metabolite profiling of deep-sea sediment samples following the DWH oil spill. The presence of aerobic microbial communities and associated functional genes was consistent among all samples, whereas, a greater number of Deltaproteobacteria and anaerobic functional genes were found in sediments closest to the DWH blowout site. Metabolite profiling also revealed a greater number of putative metabolites in sediments surrounding the blowout zone relative to a background site located 127 km away. The mass spectral analysis of the putative metabolites revealed that alkylsuccinates remained below detection levels, but a homologous series of benzylsuccinates (with carbon chain lengths from 5 to 10) could be detected. Our findings suggest that increased exposure to hydrocarbons enriches for Deltaproteobacteria, which are known to be capable of anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolism. We also provide evidence for an active microbial community metabolizing aromatic hydrocarbons in deep-sea sediments of the Gulf of Mexico.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
D'Hondt, S;Jorgensen, BB;Acosta, JLS
通讯作者：
Acosta, JLS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.12.6484
发表时间：
1997-06-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Egland, PG;Pelletier, DA;Harwood, CS
通讯作者：
Harwood, CS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0709942105
发表时间：
2008-07-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Biddle, Jennifer F.;Fitz-Gibbon, Sorel;House, Christopher H.
通讯作者：
House, Christopher H.
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Duncan, Kathleen E.;Gieg, Lisa M.;Suflita, Joseph M.
通讯作者：
Suflita, Joseph M.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Hazen, Terry C.;Dubinsky, Eric A.;Mason, Olivia U.
通讯作者：
Mason, Olivia U.