Tackling Plant Meiosis: From Model Research to Crop Improvement.
Tackling Plant Meiosis: From Model Research to Crop Improvement.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2018.00829
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Heckmann S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambing C;Heckmann S
基因工程和传统植物育种利用减数分裂期间产生的自然遗传变异，将在改善作物品种，从而实现未来粮食安全方面发挥关键作用。减数分裂是一种特殊的细胞分裂，产生单倍体配子以在它们融合后保持体细胞二倍体，通过同源重组进行的受调控的遗传交换来确保遗传变异。然而，减数分裂重组事件在它们的总数和它们沿染色体的沿着分布方面受到限制，从而限制了育种程序中的等位基因变异。因此，修改减数分裂重组事件的数量和分布具有改善和加速植物育种的巨大潜力。近年来，对植物减数分裂过程和重组的研究取得了很大进展。参与这些过程的许多基因和因子主要在拟南芥中被鉴定，但最近也在作物如芸苔属、水稻、大麦、玉米或小麦中被鉴定。这些进展使研究人员能够将获得的知识转化为各种作物，可能改善和加速育种计划。然而，尽管减数分裂进程和重组的基本方面在物种之间是保守的，但存在基因组大小和组织的差异（由于重复DNA含量和倍性水平），特别是在植物中，这可能解释了物种之间发现的减数分裂进程和重组模式的差异。因此，需要工具和方法来更好地理解植物之间减数分裂进程和重组的差异和相似性，研究包括作物和非模式物种在内的各种植物中减数分裂的基本方面，并将知识转移到作物物种中。在这篇文章中，我们提供了一个概述的工具和方法，可用于研究植物减数分裂，突出新技术，给出未来研究领域的例子，并回顾非模式物种减数分裂的不同方面。
Genetic engineering and traditional plant breeding, which harnesses the natural genetic variation that arises during meiosis, will have key roles to improve crop varieties and thus deliver Food Security in the future. Meiosis, a specialized cell division producing haploid gametes to maintain somatic diploidy following their fusion, assures genetic variation by regulated genetic exchange through homologous recombination. However, meiotic recombination events are restricted in their total number and their distribution along chromosomes limiting allelic variations in breeding programs. Thus, modifying the number and distribution of meiotic recombination events has great potential to improve and accelerate plant breeding. In recent years much progress has been made in understanding meiotic progression and recombination in plants. Many genes and factors involved in these processes have been identified primarily in Arabidopsis thaliana but also more recently in crops such as Brassica, rice, barley, maize, or wheat. These advances put researchers in the position to translate acquired knowledge to various crops likely improving and accelerating breeding programs. However, although fundamental aspects of meiotic progression and recombination are conserved between species, differences in genome size and organization (due to repetitive DNA content and ploidy level) exist, particularly among plants, that likely account for differences in meiotic progression and recombination patterns found between species. Thus, tools and approaches are needed to better understand differences and similarities in meiotic progression and recombination among plants, to study fundamental aspects of meiosis in a variety of plants including crops and non-model species, and to transfer knowledge into crop species. In this article, we provide an overview of tools and approaches available to study plant meiosis, highlight new techniques, give examples of areas of future research and review distinct aspects of meiosis in non-model species.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
Choi, Kyuha;Zhao, Xiaohui;Kelly, Krystyna A.;Venn, Oliver;Higgins, James D.;Yelina, Nataliya E.;Hardcastle, Thomas J.;Ziolkowski, Piotr A.;Copenhaver, Gregory P.;Franklin, F. Chris H.;McVean, Gil;Henderson, Ian R.
通讯作者：
Henderson, Ian R.
ATMUS81在A. thaliana中对干扰不敏感的交叉中的作用。
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Berchowitz, Luke E.;Francis, Kirk E.;Bey, Alexandra L.;Copenhaver, Gregory P.
通讯作者：
Copenhaver, Gregory P.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Cho WK;Jayanth N;Mullen S;Tan TH;Jung YJ;Cissé II
通讯作者：
Cissé II
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Choi K;Reinhard C;Serra H;Ziolkowski PA;Underwood CJ;Zhao X;Hardcastle TJ;Yelina NE;Griffin C;Jackson M;Mézard C;McVean G;Copenhaver GP;Henderson IR
通讯作者：
Henderson IR
花芽转录组分析破译了多倍体油菜减数分裂的不规则过程
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Braynen J;Yang Y;Wei F;Cao G;Shi G;Tian B;Zhang X;Jia H;Wei X;Wei Z
通讯作者：
Wei Z