Transitions from avoidance: Reinforcing competing behaviours reduces generalised avoidance in new contexts.
Transitions from avoidance: Reinforcing competing behaviours reduces generalised avoidance in new contexts.
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DOI：
10.1177/1747021820943148
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hermans D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett MP;Roche B;Dymond S;Baeyens F;Vervliet B;Hermans D
普遍回避行为是焦虑相关疾病的常见诊断特征，也是影响治疗期间焦虑变化的障碍。然而，减轻普遍回避的策略尚未得到充分研究。减少基于类别的回避泛化的关注就更少了。因此，我们研究了基于操作的方法的潜力。具体来说，研究了强化对威胁预测线索的竞争（非回避）行为是否会干扰普遍回避的表达。通过样本匹配任务，使用物理上不同的无意义形状建立人工刺激类别。然后，除非做出回避反应，否则一类成员（条件刺激；CS1）与习得环境中的厌恶结果相关联。接下来，在新的环境中，针对 CS1 的竞争行为得到了强化。最后，我们在小说情境和习得情境中测试了对刺激类别的另一个成员（泛化刺激；GS1）的回避泛化。观察到对 GS1 的选择性回避，但仅限于收购背景。在小说背景下，回避 GS 的泛化显着减少。对照组（实验 2）没有学习任何竞争行为，在两种情况下都避免了 GS1。这些发现表明，加强对威胁预测线索的竞争行为反应可以导致普遍回避的减少。这项研究是第一个证明基于操作的方案导致普遍回避持续减少的研究之一，并讨论了其临床和研究意义。
Generalised avoidance behaviours are a common diagnostic feature of anxiety-related disorders and a barrier to affecting changes in anxiety during therapy. However, strategies to mitigate generalised avoidance are under-investigated. Even less attention is given to reducing the category-based generalisation of avoidance. We therefore investigated the potential of an operant-based approach. Specifically, it was examined whether reinforcing competing (non-avoidance) behaviours to threat-predictive cues would interfere with the expression of generalised avoidance. Using a matching-to-sample task, artificial stimulus categories were established using physically dissimilar nonsense shapes. A member of one category (conditioned stimulus; CS1) was then associated with an aversive outcome in an Acquisition context, unless an avoidance response was made. Next, competing behaviours were reinforced in response to the CS1 in new contexts. Finally, we tested for the generalisation of avoidance to another member of the stimulus category (generalisation stimulus; GS1) in both a Novel context and the Acquisition context. The selective generalisation of avoidance to GS1 was observed, but only in the Acquisition context. In the Novel context, the generalisation of avoidance to GSs was significantly reduced. A comparison group (Experiment 2), which did not learn any competing behaviours, avoided GS1 in both contexts. These findings suggest that reinforcing competing behavioural responses to threat-predictive cues can lead to reductions in generalised avoidance. This study is among the first study to demonstrate sustained reductions in generalised avoidance resulting from operant-based protocols, and the clinical and research implications are discussed.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Dymond, Simon;Schlund, Michael W.;Davies, Cara
通讯作者：
Davies, Cara
DOI：
10.1007/bf03392173
发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR ANALYST
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dymond, Simon;Roche, Bryan
通讯作者：
Roche, Bryan
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DURAND, VM;CARR, EG
通讯作者：
CARR, EG
影响因子：
2
作者：
Dymond, Simon;Bennett, Marc;Schlund, Michael
通讯作者：
Schlund, Michael
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Bravo-Rivera, Christian;Roman-Ortiz, Ciorana;Quirk, Gregory J.
通讯作者：
Quirk, Gregory J.