Nanoparticle-Enhanced Plasma Discharge Using Nanosecond High-Voltage Pulses

Nanoparticle-Enhanced Plasma Discharge Using Nanosecond High-Voltage Pulses
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使用纳秒高压脉冲的纳米粒子增强等离子体放电

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b12054
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gundersen, Martin A.
Gundersen, Martin A.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao, Bofan;Aravind, Indu;Yang, Sisi;Cai, Zhi;Wang, Yu;Li, Ruoxi;Subramanian, Sriram;Ford, Patrick;Singleton, Daniel R.;Gundersen, Martin A.

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通过在含有 Au、Pt 或 Cu 纳米颗粒的绝缘基板上放电纳秒高压 (5 kV) 脉冲,可以通过纳米颗粒表面的局部场增强实现等离子体生成的 3 个数量级 (1000 倍) 增强。这种瞬态等离子体的低温特性对于维持这些精致纳米颗粒的结构完整性至关重要。这些纳米颗粒使等离子体的生成增强了 1000 倍,等离子体位于纳米颗粒的表面,具有潜在的用途(例如,用于催化)。我们基于高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HRTEM) 图像对纳米颗粒的电磁响应进行了时域和频域计算,结果显示纳秒高压脉冲的局部场增强约为 3 倍。由于等离子体的引发以指数方式取决于峰值电场强度,因此局部电场的 3 倍增加可以导致在给定的外加外部场强度下等离子体的生成增加几个数量级。为了排除通常与小金属纳米粒子相关的等离子体共振增强,我们在光频域进行了有限差分时域(FDTD)模拟,结果表明等离子体共振的影响对于 Pt 纳米颗粒来说可以忽略不计。因此,我们将基于纳米粒子的增强归因于等离子体的产生(静电效应),而不是通过等离子体共振现象(光学效应)增强光从近场到远场的耦合。
By discharging nanosecond high-voltage (5 kV) pulses across an insulating substrate containing Au, Pt, or Cu nanoparticles, a 3 order of magnitude (1000×) enhancement in the generation of plasma can be achieved through local field enhancement on the surface of the nanoparticles. The low-temperature nature of this transient plasma is crucial to maintaining the structural integrity of these delicate nanoparticles. These nanoparticles provide up to a 1000-fold enhancement in the generation of the plasma, which is localized to the surface of the nanoparticles where it is potentially useful (e.g., for catalysis). We performed both time-domain and frequency-domain calculations of the electromagnetic response of the nanoparticles based on high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images, which show local field enhancement of the nanosecond high-voltage pulse on the order of 3×. Since the plasma initiation depends exponentially on the peak electric field strength, this 3-fold increase in the local electric field can result in a several orders of magnitude increases in the generation of plasma at a given applied external field strength. In order to rule out plasmon-resonance enhancement, which is often associated with small metal nanoparticles, we performed finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations in the optical frequency domain, which show that the effect of plasmon resonance is negligible for Pt nanoparticles. We therefore attribute the nanoparticle-based enhancement to the generation of plasma (an electrostatic effect) rather than enhanced coupling of light from the near field to the far field via the plasmon resonance phenomenon (an optical effect).
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