Light-controlled inhibition of malignant glioma by opsin gene transfer.

Light-controlled inhibition of malignant glioma by opsin gene transfer.
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通过视蛋白基因转移光控抑制恶性神经胶质瘤

DOI:
10.1038/cddis.2013.425
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发表时间:
2013-10-31
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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胶质母细胞瘤是一种侵袭性癌症,由于其高度增殖和侵袭能力,存活率低且预后差。在当前的研究中,我们描述了一种新的光遗传学策略,通过光控制膜去极化和细胞死亡选择性抑制神经胶质瘤细胞。将工程化视蛋白 ChETA(工程化通道视紫红质 2 变体)基因转移到原代人神经胶质瘤细胞或细胞系中,但不转移到正常星形胶质细胞中,在光刺激下,意外地减少了细胞增殖并增加了线粒体依赖性细胞凋亡。这些光遗传学效应是由膜去极化诱导的细胞周期蛋白表达和线粒体跨膜电位降低介导的。重要的是,ChETA 基因转移和小鼠体内的光照射显着抑制了皮下和颅内神经胶质瘤的生长,并增加了患有神经胶质瘤的动物的存活率。这些结果揭示了视蛋白离子通道对神经胶质瘤细胞的意外影响,并首次为使用光控光遗传学方法治疗神经胶质瘤提供了机会。
Glioblastomas are aggressive cancers with low survival rates and poor prognosis because of their highly proliferative and invasive capacity. In the current study, we describe a new optogenetic strategy that selectively inhibits glioma cells through light-controlled membrane depolarization and cell death. Transfer of the engineered opsin ChETA (engineered Channelrhodopsin-2 variant) gene into primary human glioma cells or cell lines, but not normal astrocytes, unexpectedly decreased cell proliferation and increased mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, upon light stimulation. These optogenetic effects were mediated by membrane depolarization-induced reductions in cyclin expression and mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Importantly, the ChETA gene transfer and light illumination in mice significantly inhibited subcutaneous and intracranial glioma growth and increased the survival of the animals bearing the glioma. These results uncover an unexpected effect of opsin ion channels on glioma cells and offer the opportunity for the first time to treat glioma using a light-controllable optogenetic approach.
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