Astrocytes control breathing through pH-dependent release of ATP.
Astrocytes control breathing through pH-dependent release of ATP.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1190721
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发表时间:
2010-07-30
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kasparov S
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gourine AV;Kasymov V;Marina N;Tang F;Figueiredo MF;Lane S;Teschemacher AG;Spyer KM;Deisseroth K;Kasparov S
Astrocytes provide structural and metabolic support for neuronal networks, but direct evidence demonstrating their active role in complex behaviors is limited. Central respiratory chemosensitivity is an essential mechanism which, via regulation of breathing, maintains constant levels of blood and brain PCO2/pH. We found that astrocytes of the brainstem chemoreceptor areas are highly chemosensitive. They responded to physiological decreases in pH with vigorous elevations in intracellular Ca2+ and release of ATP. ATP propagated astrocytic Ca2+ excitation, activated chemoreceptor neurons, and induced adaptive increases in breathing. Mimicking pH-evoked Ca2+ responses by optogenetic stimulation of astrocytes expressing channelrhodopsin-2 activated chemoreceptor neurons via ATP-dependent mechanism and triggered robust respiratory responses in vivo. This demonstrates a potentially crucial role for brain glial cells in mediating a fundamental physiological reflex.
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