What is the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 from the use of public toilets?
What is the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 from the use of public toilets?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148341
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发表时间：
2021-10-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jones DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dancer SJ;Li Y;Hart A;Tang JW;Jones DL
公共厕所和浴室可能成为用户之间发生社区传播的接触枢纽点。传播机制将通过三种机制产生：从脱落的SARS-CoV-2个体中吸入粪便和/或尿液气溶胶；使用者面对面或在使用后短时间内通过空气传播呼吸道气溶胶；或者通过经常接触的地方，如门把手、水槽龙头、水龙头或卫生纸分配器，传播细菌。在这方面，厕所的风险可能与公共交通和食品零售店等其他高吞吐量封闭空间相当。它们通常是紧凑的，通风不足，大量使用，并受到维护和清洁问题。诸如此类的因素会加剧厕所使用者潜伏或出现SARS-CoV-2症状所产生的风险。此外，厕所是重要的公共基础设施，因为它们对于维持无障碍、可持续和舒适的城市空间至关重要。由于缺乏关于通过使用公共厕所传播的研究，综合风险评估依赖于汇编从平行研究中收集的证据，包括在医院开展的工作和先前对相关病毒的工作。这篇叙述性综述审查了暗示通过使用公共厕所存在传播风险的证据，并得出结论认为，这种风险不能轻易忽视。针对公厕使用者和负责公厕设计、维修和管理的人士，我们提出了一系列缓解措施。
Public toilets and bathrooms may act as a contact hub point where community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs between users. The mechanism of spread would arise through three mechanisms: inhalation of faecal and/or urinary aerosol from an individual shedding SARS-CoV-2; airborne transmission of respiratory aerosols between users face-to-face or during short periods after use; or from fomite transmission via frequent touch sites such as door handles, sink taps, lota or toilet roll dispenser. In this respect toilets could present a risk comparable with other high throughput enclosed spaces such as public transport and food retail outlets. They are often compact, inadequately ventilated, heavily used and subject to maintenance and cleaning issues. Factors such as these would compound the risks generated by toilet users incubating or symptomatic with SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, toilets are important public infrastructure since they are vital for the maintenance of accessible, sustainable and comfortable urban spaces. Given the lack of studies on transmission through use of public toilets, comprehensive risk assessment relies upon the compilation of evidence gathered from parallel studies, including work performed in hospitals and prior work on related viruses. This narrative review examines the evidence suggestive of transmission risk through use of public toilets and concludes that such a risk cannot be lightly disregarded. A range of mitigating actions are suggested for both users of public toilets and those that are responsible for their design, maintenance and management.
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DOI：
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影响因子：
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