Evaluation of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in New York City Public Housing After Implementation of the 2018 Federal Smoke-Free Housing Policy.
Evaluation of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in New York City Public Housing After Implementation of the 2018 Federal Smoke-Free Housing Policy.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.24385
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发表时间：
2020-11-02
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Shelley D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thorpe LE;Anastasiou E;Wyka K;Tovar A;Gill E;Rule A;Elbel B;Kaplan SA;Jiang N;Gordon T;Shelley D
这项队列研究调查了2018年在公共住房环境中实施的联邦禁烟令是否与12个月后纽约市公共住房开发项目室内二手烟水平的下降有关。一项禁止在公共住房室内吸烟的联邦无烟住房政策的实施是否与12个月后二手烟的减少有关？在这项队列研究中，研究人员追踪了263个不吸烟家庭的室内空气质量，并在纽约市10栋公共住房与11栋不受无烟住房政策约束的低收入住房的公共区域进行了研究，发现不同住房类型的空气中尼古丁或颗粒物水平没有差异。调查结果表明，可能需要额外的支持，以确保遵守无烟住房政策并实现预期的公共卫生成果。二手烟暴露与儿童和成人的许多健康状况有关。目前，美国有数百万人在家中接触到SHS。调查联邦禁止在公共住房环境中吸烟是否与政策实施12个月后纽约市公共住房开发项目室内SHS水平下降有关。本队列研究纵向追踪了2018年4月至2019年9月的室内空气质量，并使用差异中差异分析来检查10栋纽约市房屋管理局（NYCHA）建筑物与11栋不受SFH政策约束的匹配低收入建筑物（即第8条建筑物）在2018年联邦无烟住房（SFH）政策实施前后的SHS暴露情况。联邦SFH政策实施，从2018年7月30日开始。联邦SFH政策实施前与实施后12个月，被动硫酸氢盐包覆过滤器尼古丁浓度水平的比较。次要结果包括直径小于2.5 μm的颗粒物的变化，用低成本的颗粒监测器测量，以及公共区域的烟头计数。空气质量被反复测量了总共153个NYCHA和110个第八区不吸烟的家庭以及91个楼梯间和走廊。在SFH政策实施前，NYCHA大楼20个楼梯间中有19个（95.0%）、第8区19个楼梯间中有15个（78.9%）检测到空气尼古丁（P = 0.19）， NYCHA大楼19个走廊中有17个（89.5%）、第8区23个走廊中有14个（60.9%）检测到空气尼古丁（P = 0.004）。总体而言，在非吸烟公寓内检测到尼古丁的频率较低（263 / 26[9.9%]），但在NYCHA公寓（153 / 20[13.1%]）比在第8区公寓（110 / 6[5.5%]）检测到尼古丁的频率更高（P = 0.04）。政策实施一年后，在楼梯间（DID, 0.03 μg/m3; 95% CI, -0.99至1.06 μg/m3）或非吸烟家庭（DID, -0.04 μg/m3; 95% CI, -0.24至0.15 μg/m3）中测量的尼古丁浓度没有随时间的差异变化。NYCHA走廊的尼古丁浓度下降幅度大于Section 8走廊（DID, -0.43 μg/m3; 95% CI, -1.26 ~ 0.40 μg/m3）。研究结果表明，在食物及卫生局政策实施12个月后，纽约cha大楼的SHS没有差异变化。可能需要额外的支持，以确保遵守食物及卫生局的政策。
This cohort study examines whether the 2018 implementation of a federal ban on smoking in public housing settings was associated with a decrease in indoor levels of secondhand smoke in New York City (NYC) public housing developments 12 months later. Was implementation of a federal smoke-free housing policy prohibiting indoor smoking in public housing associated with a decrease in secondhand smoke 12 months later? In this cohort study tracking indoor air quality inside the homes of 263 nonsmoking families and in common areas across 10 New York City public housing buildings vs 11 matched low-income buildings not subject to the smoke-free housing policy, no differential change in air nicotine or levels of particulate matter between housing types was found. The findings suggest that additional support may be needed to ensure adherence to smoke-free housing policies and achieve desired public health outcomes. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with many health conditions in children and adults. Millions of individuals in the US are currently exposed to SHS in their homes. To investigate whether a federal ban on smoking in public housing settings was associated with a decrease in indoor SHS levels in New York City public housing developments 12 months after the policy’s implementation. This cohort study tracked indoor air quality longitudinally from April 2018 to September 2019 and used difference-in-differences analysis to examine SHS exposure before vs after implementation of the 2018 federal smoke-free housing (SFH) policy in 10 New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) buildings vs 11 matched low-income buildings not subject to the SFH policy (ie, Section 8 buildings). Federal SFH policy implementation, beginning July 30, 2018. Comparison of nicotine concentration levels from passive, bisulfate-coated filters before vs 12 months after implementation of the federal SFH policy. Secondary outcomes included changes in particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter, measured with low-cost particle monitors, and counts of cigarette butts in common areas. Air quality was measured repeatedly in a total of 153 NYCHA and 110 Section 8 nonsmoking households as well as in 91 stairwells and hallways. Before the SFH policy implementation, air nicotine was detectable in 19 of 20 stairwells (95.0%) in NYCHA buildings and 15 of 19 stairwells (78.9%) in Section 8 buildings (P = .19) and in 17 of 19 hallways (89.5%) in NYCHA buildings and 14 of 23 hallways (60.9%) in Section 8 buildings (P = .004). Nicotine was detected less frequently inside nonsmoking apartments overall (26 of 263 [9.9%]) but more frequently in NYCHA apartments (20 of 153 [13.1%]) than in Section 8 apartments (6 of 110 [5.5%]) (P = .04). One year after policy implementation, there was no differential change over time in nicotine concentrations measured in stairwells (DID, 0.03 μg/m3; 95% CI, –0.99 to 1.06 μg/m3) or inside nonsmoking households (DID, –0.04 μg/m3; 95% CI, –0.24 to 0.15 μg/m3). Larger decreases in nicotine concentration were found in NYCHA hallways than in Section 8 hallways (DID, –0.43 μg/m3; 95% CI, –1.26 to 0.40 μg/m3). The findings suggest that there was no differential change in SHS in NYCHA buildings 12 months after SFH policy implementation. Additional support may be needed to ensure adherence to SFH policies.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Klassen, Ann C;Lee, Nora L;Mallya, Giridhar
通讯作者：
Mallya, Giridhar
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph15102062
发表时间：
2018-09-20
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jiang N;Thorpe L;Kaplan S;Shelley D
通讯作者：
Shelley D
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Hollar, T. Lucas;Cook, Nicole;DeLucca, Michael
通讯作者：
DeLucca, Michael
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Helms, Veronica E.;King, Brian A.;Ashley, Peter J.
通讯作者：
Ashley, Peter J.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Hernandez, Diana;Swope, Carolyn B.;Giovenco, Daniel P.
通讯作者：
Giovenco, Daniel P.