Does peacekeeping only work in easy environments? An analysis of conflict characteristics, mission profiles, and civil war recurrence

Does peacekeeping only work in easy environments? An analysis of conflict characteristics, mission profiles, and civil war recurrence
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维和行动只能在轻松的环境中进行吗?

DOI:
10.1080/13523260.2019.1659575
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Thorsten
Thorsten
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gromes;Thorsten

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维持和平被广泛认为是防止内战复发的有效手段。然而,尽管作出了维持和平的努力,但在相当多的情况下,和平还是崩溃了,因此,我们面临的问题是,维持和平环境与维持和平特派团的哪种组合会导致持久和平。本文比较了1990年至2012年期间的22个维和特派团。虽然联合国的重要文件认为,冲突后维持和平的成功主要取决于使命本身的特点,但分析表明,已结束的内战的特点对和平能否持久有很大影响。有限的维持和平行动,其特点是部队密度低、不强有力,牵头国不是安全理事会常任理事国,只能在有利的环境中成功地维护和平。战争结局的不确定性、战争结束时军事力量的平均分布、种族冲突以及高强度都为维持和平创造了特别困难的环境。
Peacekeeping is widely considered to be an effective means of preventing civil war recurrence. However, as peace has collapsed in a considerable number of cases despite peacekeeping efforts, we are left with the question which combinations of peacekeeping environments and peacekeeping missions lead to lasting peace. This article compares 22 peacekeeping missions between 1990 and 2012. While prominent United Nations documents assume that the success of post-conflict peacekeeping primarily depends on the features of the mission itself, the analysis shows that characteristics of the terminated civil war have a strong influence on whether peace endures. Restrained peacekeeping, defined by low troop density, non-robustness, and a lead nation that is not a permanent member of the Security Council, only succeeds in preserving peace in conducive environments. Inconclusive war endings, evenly distributed military capabilities at war’s end, ethnic conflicts, and high intensity create a particularly difficult context for peacekeeping.
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