The coil orientation dependency of the electric field induced by TMS for M1 and other brain areas.
The coil orientation dependency of the electric field induced by TMS for M1 and other brain areas.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12984-015-0036-2
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发表时间：
2015-05-17
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Stegeman DF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janssen AM;Oostendorp TF;Stegeman DF
经颅磁刺激（TMS）的有效性在很大程度上取决于线圈相对于受试者头部的方向。这意味着感应电场的方向对TMS的效率有很大的影响。为了改善未来的协议，线圈方向和感应电场的方向之间的关系的知识，一方面，头部和大脑解剖结构的另一方面，似乎是至关重要的。因此，在本研究中检查了作为线圈方向函数的皮层中的感应电场。针对14个皮质靶点，评价了改变线圈方向对感应电场的影响。我们使用有限元模型计算每个靶位置36个线圈方向（10度分辨率）的感应电场。线圈旋转对电场的影响，结合靶部位解剖结构，已被量化。结果证实，垂直于中央沟的前沟壁的电场对线圈方向变化非常敏感，并且必须最大化以获得运动皮层的最佳刺激效果。为了在运动皮层以外的区域获得最大的刺激效果，在这些区域中垂直于皮层表面的电场也必须最大化。小的取向变化（10度）不会显著改变感应电场。结果表明，对于所有的皮质目标，最大化垂直于目标皮质表面区域（和向内定向）的电场强度优化了TMS的效果。基于关于目标脑区域的解剖信息（解剖磁共振成像数据）定向TMS线圈可以改善未来的结果。在认知和临床神经科学中使用的标准线圈方向在大多数情况下在受试者特定头部模型中诱导（接近）最佳电场。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12984-015-0036-2）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) depends highly on the coil orientation relative to the subject’s head. This implies that the direction of the induced electric field has a large effect on the efficiency of TMS. To improve future protocols, knowledge about the relationship between the coil orientation and the direction of the induced electric field on the one hand, and the head and brain anatomy on the other hand, seems crucial. Therefore, the induced electric field in the cortex as a function of the coil orientation has been examined in this study. The effect of changing the coil orientation on the induced electric field was evaluated for fourteen cortical targets. We used a finite element model to calculate the induced electric fields for thirty-six coil orientations (10 degrees resolution) per target location. The effects on the electric field due to coil rotation, in combination with target site anatomy, have been quantified. The results confirm that the electric field perpendicular to the anterior sulcal wall of the central sulcus is highly susceptible to coil orientation changes and has to be maximized for an optimal stimulation effect of the motor cortex. In order to obtain maximum stimulation effect in areas other than the motor cortex, the electric field perpendicular to the cortical surface in those areas has to be maximized as well. Small orientation changes (10 degrees) do not alter the induced electric field drastically. The results suggest that for all cortical targets, maximizing the strength of the electric field perpendicular to the targeted cortical surface area (and inward directed) optimizes the effect of TMS. Orienting the TMS coil based on anatomical information (anatomical magnetic resonance imaging data) about the targeted brain area can improve future results. The standard coil orientations, used in cognitive and clinical neuroscience, induce (near) optimal electric fields in the subject-specific head model in most cases. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12984-015-0036-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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