Skin-penetrating nematodes exhibit life-stage-specific interactions with host-associated and environmental bacteria.
Skin-penetrating nematodes exhibit life-stage-specific interactions with host-associated and environmental bacteria.
复制标题
皮肤穿透线虫表现出与宿主相关和环境细菌的生命阶段特异性相互作用。
DOI：
10.1186/s12915-021-01153-7
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发表时间：
2021-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hallem EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chavez IN;Brown TM;Assié A;Bryant AS;Samuel BS;Hallem EA
Skin-penetrating nematodes of the genus Strongyloides infect over 600 million people, posing a major global health burden. Their life cycle includes both a parasitic and free-living generation. During the parasitic generation, infective third-stage larvae (iL3s) actively engage in host seeking. During the free-living generation, the nematodes develop and reproduce on host feces. At different points during their life cycle, Strongyloides species encounter a wide variety of host-associated and environmental bacteria. However, the microbiome associated with Strongyloides species, and the behavioral and physiological interactions between Strongyloides species and bacteria, remain unclear. We first investigated the microbiome of the human parasite Strongyloides stercoralis using 16S-based amplicon sequencing. We found that S. stercoralis free-living adults have an associated microbiome consisting of specific fecal bacteria. We then investigated the behavioral responses of S. stercoralis and the closely related rat parasite Strongyloides ratti to an ecologically diverse panel of bacteria. We found that S. stercoralis and S. ratti showed similar responses to bacteria. The responses of both nematodes to bacteria varied dramatically across life stages: free-living adults were strongly attracted to most of the bacteria tested, while iL3s were attracted specifically to a narrow range of environmental bacteria. The behavioral responses to bacteria were dynamic, consisting of distinct short- and long-term behaviors. Finally, a comparison of the growth and reproduction of S. stercoralis free-living adults on different bacteria revealed that the bacterium Proteus mirabilis inhibits S. stercoralis egg hatching, and thereby greatly decreases parasite viability. Skin-penetrating nematodes encounter bacteria from various ecological niches throughout their life cycle. Our results demonstrate that bacteria function as key chemosensory cues for directing parasite movement in a life-stage-specific manner. Some bacterial genera may form essential associations with the nematodes, while others are detrimental and serve as a potential source of novel nematicides. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-01153-7.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Castelletto ML;Gang SS;Okubo RP;Tselikova AA;Nolan TJ;Platzer EG;Lok JB;Hallem EA
通讯作者：
Hallem EA
DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2012.8
发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
The ISME journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1909710117
发表时间：
2020-07-28
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gang, Spencer S.;Castelletto, Michelle L.;Hallem, Elissa A.
通讯作者：
Hallem, Elissa A.
DOI：
10.1128/genomea.00880-16
发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kennedy, Victoria;Van Laar, Tricia A.;Rawat, Mamta
通讯作者：
Rawat, Mamta
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Dulovic, Alex;Puller, Vadim;Streit, Adrian
通讯作者：
Streit, Adrian