Hidden diversity behind the zombie-ant fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis: four new species described from carpenter ants in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Hidden diversity behind the zombie-ant fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis: four new species described from carpenter ants in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0017024
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发表时间：
2011-03-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hughes DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans HC;Elliot SL;Hughes DP
单侧蛇虫草（Ophiocordyceps unilateralis）是一种泛热带分布的蚁科蚂蚁特有的真菌病原体。这种所谓的僵尸或操纵大脑的真菌改变了蚂蚁宿主的行为，使其在暴露的位置死亡，通常是附着并咬入灌木叶子的正面。我们（HCE和DPH）目前正在进行一项全球调查，以评估这种高度变异的物种的分类和生态。本文正式描述并命名了巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州（Minas Gerais）东南部（Zona da Mata）大西洋热带雨林残余物O. unilateralis种群中的4个新种。每个物种的无性（变形）和性（变形）阶段都有完整的插图描述。新名称已在Index Fungorum （registration.indexfungorum.org）中注册，并已收到IF号。本文也是真菌学新名称电子出版的一个试验案例。我们才刚刚开始了解与木蚁相关的单边蛇虫草物种复合体的分类和生态学；宏观上的特征是单茎从蚂蚁宿主的背颈区域产生，在其上变形占据终端区域，远变形发生为侧垫或板。收集到的四种蚂蚁——红皮蚁、巴尔扎尼蚁、黑蚁和新蚁——中的每一种都受到一种不同种类的虫草的攻击，这种虫草很容易用传统的显微形态学方法分离出来。新的分类群是根据它们的蚂蚁宿主来命名的。
Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Clavicipitaceae: Hypocreales) is a fungal pathogen specific to ants of the tribe Camponotini (Formicinae: Formicidae) with a pantropical distribution. This so-called zombie or brain-manipulating fungus alters the behaviour of the ant host, causing it to die in an exposed position, typically clinging onto and biting into the adaxial surface of shrub leaves. We (HCE and DPH) are currently undertaking a worldwide survey to assess the taxonomy and ecology of this highly variable species. We formally describe and name four new species belonging to the O. unilateralis species complex collected from remnant Atlantic rainforest in the south-eastern region (Zona da Mata) of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fully illustrated descriptions of both the asexual (anamorph) and sexual (teleomorph) stages are provided for each species. The new names are registered in Index Fungorum (registration.indexfungorum.org) and have received IF numbers. This paper is also a test case for the electronic publication of new names in mycology. We are only just beginning to understand the taxonomy and ecology of the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis species complex associated with carpenter ants; macroscopically characterised by a single stalk arising from the dorsal neck region of the ant host on which the anamorph occupies the terminal region and the teleomorph occurs as lateral cushions or plates. Each of the four ant species collected - Camponotus rufipes, C. balzani, C. melanoticus and C. novogranadensis - is attacked by a distinct species of Ophiocordyceps readily separated using traditional micromorphology. The new taxa are named according to their ant host.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0007-1536(84)80219-3
发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY
影响因子：
--
作者：
EVANS, HC;SAMSON, RA
通讯作者：
SAMSON, RA
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Evans, Harry C.;Groden, Eleanor;Bischoff, Joseph F.
通讯作者：
Bischoff, Joseph F.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
MAINS, EB
通讯作者：
MAINS, EB
影响因子：
16.5
作者：
Sung, Gi-Ho;Hywel-Jones, Nigel L;Sung, Jae-Mo;Luangsa-Ard, J Jennifer;Shrestha, Bhushan;Spatafora, Joseph W
通讯作者：
Spatafora, Joseph W
DOI：
10.1016/s0007-1536(82)80037-5
发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY
影响因子：
--
作者：
EVANS, HC;SAMSON, RA
通讯作者：
SAMSON, RA