RNA-mediated neurodegeneration in repeat expansion disorders.
RNA-mediated neurodegeneration in repeat expansion disorders.
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DOI:
10.1002/ana.21948
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发表时间:
2010-03
影响因子:
11.2
通讯作者:
Paulson, Henry L.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Todd, Peter K.;Paulson, Henry L.
Most neurodegenerative disorders are thought to result primarily from the accumulation of misfolded proteins which interfere with protein homeostasis in neurons. For a subset of diseases, however, non-coding regions of RNAs assume a primary toxic gain-of-function leading to degeneration in many tissues including the nervous system. Here we review a series of proposed mechanisms by which non-coding repeat expansions give rise to nervous system degeneration and dysfunction. These mechanisms include transcriptional alterations and the generation of antisense transcripts, sequestration of mRNA-associated protein complexes which lead to aberrant mRNA splicing and processing, and alterations in cellular processes, including activation of abnormal signaling cascades and failure of protein quality control pathways. We place these potential mechanisms in the context of known RNA-mediated disorders, including the myotonic dystrophies and fragile X tremor ataxia syndrome, and discuss recent results suggesting that mRNA toxicity may also play a role in some presumably protein-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. Lastly we comment on recent progress in therapeutic development for these RNA dominant diseases.
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