Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-13-119
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发表时间：
2013-02-08
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Bohlmeijer E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolier L;Haverman M;Westerhof GJ;Riper H;Smit F;Bohlmeijer E
使用积极的心理干预措施可被视为促进和治疗心理健康的补充战略。本文构成了积极心理学干预的有效性，为广大公众和个人的具体心理问题的元分析研究。我们使用PubMed、PsychInfo、科克伦注册库和人工检索进行了系统的文献检索。40篇文章，描述了39项研究，共6，139名参与者，符合纳入标准。所用的结果指标是主观幸福感，心理幸福感和抑郁症。积极心理干预包括自助干预、团体训练和个体治疗。主观幸福感的标准化平均差异为0.34，心理幸福感为0.20，抑郁症为0.23，表明积极心理干预的效果很小。在三到六个月的随访中，效果大小很小，但对主观幸福感和心理幸福感仍然很重要，这表明效果是相当可持续的。由于所纳入的研究的广泛多样性，异质性相当高。有几个变量调节了对抑郁症的影响：如果干预持续时间较长，如果通过转诊或医院进行招募，如果干预措施提供给有某些心理社会问题的人并以个人为基础，以及如果研究设计质量较低，则干预措施更有效。此外，发现了发表偏倚的迹象，研究的质量差异很大。这项荟萃分析的结果表明，积极心理学干预可以有效地提高主观幸福感和心理幸福感，以及帮助减少抑郁症状。需要在不同（临床）人群中进行更多高质量的同行评议研究，以加强积极心理学干预措施的证据基础。
The use of positive psychological interventions may be considered as a complementary strategy in mental health promotion and treatment. The present article constitutes a meta-analytical study of the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions for the general public and for individuals with specific psychosocial problems. We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, PsychInfo, the Cochrane register, and manual searches. Forty articles, describing 39 studies, totaling 6,139 participants, met the criteria for inclusion. The outcome measures used were subjective well-being, psychological well-being and depression. Positive psychology interventions included self-help interventions, group training and individual therapy. The standardized mean difference was 0.34 for subjective well-being, 0.20 for psychological well-being and 0.23 for depression indicating small effects for positive psychology interventions. At follow-up from three to six months, effect sizes are small, but still significant for subjective well-being and psychological well-being, indicating that effects are fairly sustainable. Heterogeneity was rather high, due to the wide diversity of the studies included. Several variables moderated the impact on depression: Interventions were more effective if they were of longer duration, if recruitment was conducted via referral or hospital, if interventions were delivered to people with certain psychosocial problems and on an individual basis, and if the study design was of low quality. Moreover, indications for publication bias were found, and the quality of the studies varied considerably. The results of this meta-analysis show that positive psychology interventions can be effective in the enhancement of subjective well-being and psychological well-being, as well as in helping to reduce depressive symptoms. Additional high-quality peer-reviewed studies in diverse (clinical) populations are needed to strengthen the evidence-base for positive psychology interventions.
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