Longitudinal neurostimulation in older adults improves working memory.
Longitudinal neurostimulation in older adults improves working memory.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0121904
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Berryhill ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones KT;Stephens JA;Alam M;Bikson M;Berryhill ME
影响日益老龄化的人口的一个日益关注的问题是工作记忆（WM）下降。因此，人们对改善或稳定WM非常感兴趣，这推动了大脑训练练习的广泛使用。这种方案通常会导致临时WM的好处，受过训练的任务，但最小的利益转移到未经训练的任务。配对训练与神经刺激可以通过增强可塑性和加强WM相关的皮层网络来稳定或改善WM性能。我们在健康的老年人中测试了这种可能性。参与者接受了10次假（对照）或活动（阳极，1.5 mA）tDCS的右前额叶，顶叶，或前额叶/顶叶（交替）皮质。在10分钟的假或主动tDCS后，参与者进行口头和视觉WM训练任务。在第一，第十，和后续会议上，参与者进行转移WM任务，包括空间2回，Stroop，和数字跨度任务。结果表明，所有组受益于WM培训，正如预期的那样。然而，在训练结束后1个月的随访中，只有积极tDCS组的参与者保持了显着改善。重要的是，在训练和转移任务中都观察到了这种模式。这些结果表明，与tDCS相关的WM训练可以在维持认知训练益处并将其扩展到未经训练的任务方面提供长期益处。
An increasing concern affecting a growing aging population is working memory (WM) decline. Consequently, there is great interest in improving or stabilizing WM, which drives expanded use of brain training exercises. Such regimens generally result in temporary WM benefits to the trained tasks but minimal transfer of benefit to untrained tasks. Pairing training with neurostimulation may stabilize or improve WM performance by enhancing plasticity and strengthening WM-related cortical networks. We tested this possibility in healthy older adults. Participants received 10 sessions of sham (control) or active (anodal, 1.5 mA) tDCS to the right prefrontal, parietal, or prefrontal/parietal (alternating) cortices. After ten minutes of sham or active tDCS, participants performed verbal and visual WM training tasks. On the first, tenth, and follow-up sessions, participants performed transfer WM tasks including the spatial 2-back, Stroop, and digit span tasks. The results demonstrated that all groups benefited from WM training, as expected. However, at follow-up 1-month after training ended, only the participants in the active tDCS groups maintained significant improvement. Importantly, this pattern was observed for both trained and transfer tasks. These results demonstrate that tDCS-linked WM training can provide long-term benefits in maintaining cognitive training benefits and extending them to untrained tasks.
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