Is it or isn't it: listeners make rapid use of prosody to infer speaker meanings.

Is it or isn't it: listeners make rapid use of prosody to infer speaker meanings.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2014.05.017
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发表时间:
2014-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Tanenhaus MK
Tanenhaus MK
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kurumada C;Brown M;Bibyk S;Pontillo DF;Tanenhaus MK

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视觉世界实验检查了从视觉上下文和对比语调轮廓中得出的实用推论的时间过程。我们使用的结构 It 看起来像一个 X,发音为 (a) 最后名词上的 H* 音高重音和低音边界音,或 (b) 对比性 L+H* 音高重音和上升的边界音,可以支持对比推理的轮廓(例如,It LOOKSL+H* 就像斑马 L-H%...(但事实并非如此))。当视觉显示包含一组相关的对比图片(例如斑马与类似斑马的动物)时,LOOKSL+H* 的效果在处理目标名词的音素信息之前出现。结果表明,韵律处理是渐进式的,并受到上下文支持的期望的指导。其他分析排除了基于与上下文无关的启发式的解释,这种解释可能会替代在线对比计算。
A visual world experiment examined the time course for pragmatic inferences derived from visual context and contrastive intonation contours. We used the construction It looks like an X pronounced with either (a) a H* pitch accent on the final noun and a low boundary tone, or (b) a contrastive L+H* pitch accent and a rising boundary tone, a contour that can support contrastive inference (e.g., It LOOKSL+H* like a zebra L-H%...(but it is not)). When the visual display contained a single related set of contrasting pictures (e.g. a zebra vs. a zebra-like animal), effects of LOOKSL+H* emerged prior to the processing of phonemic information from the target noun. The results indicate that the prosodic processing is incremental and guided by contextually-supported expectations. Additional analyses ruled out explanations based on context-independent heuristics that might substitute for online computation of contrast.
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