Spatial analyses of wildlife contact networks.
Spatial analyses of wildlife contact networks.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2014.1004
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发表时间：
2015-01-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Begon M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis S;Abbasi B;Shah S;Telfer S;Begon M
可以推断出具有流行病学重要性的野生动物接触网络的数据集正变得越来越普遍。这些数据的一个很大程度上未被探索的方面是寻找空间限制谁与谁接触的证据，尽管理论流行病学家早就意识到空间限制可以在传染病动态中发挥关键作用。提出了一种图相异性测度来量化所观察到的接触网络与纯空间的接近程度，从而其边缘完全由其节点的空间布置来确定。统计技术也被用来拟合一系列的机械模型的个人之间的接触率的二进制边缘数据表示存在或不存在观察到的接触。这些是第二个衡量标准的基础，该标准量化了距离对接触的影响程度。我们将这些方法应用到一组128接触网络的田鼠（田鼠agrestis）推断标记重捕数据收集超过7年，从四个网站。田鼠丰度的大波动使我们能够证明，网络变得越来越相似的空间邻近图作为田鼠密度的增加。的平均接触次数，是（i）正相关的田鼠密度在整个范围内观察到的密度和（ii）的四个网站的饱和函数的密度。病原体在野生动物中的持久性的含义可能是，持久性相对不受宿主密度波动的影响，因为在低密度时，宿主活动较自由，而在高密度时，感染或恢复的动物在当地的聚集会阻碍传播。
Datasets from which wildlife contact networks of epidemiological importance can be inferred are becoming increasingly common. A largely unexplored facet of these data is finding evidence of spatial constraints on who has contact with whom, despite theoretical epidemiologists having long realized spatial constraints can play a critical role in infectious disease dynamics. A graph dissimilarity measure is proposed to quantify how close an observed contact network is to being purely spatial whereby its edges are completely determined by the spatial arrangement of its nodes. Statistical techniques are also used to fit a series of mechanistic models for contact rates between individuals to the binary edge data representing presence or absence of observed contact. These are the basis for a second measure that quantifies the extent to which contacts are being mediated by distance. We apply these methods to a set of 128 contact networks of field voles (Microtus agrestis) inferred from mark–recapture data collected over 7 years and from four sites. Large fluctuations in vole abundance allow us to demonstrate that the networks become increasingly similar to spatial proximity graphs as vole density increases. The average number of contacts, , was (i) positively correlated with vole density across the range of observed densities and (ii) for two of the four sites a saturating function of density. The implications for pathogen persistence in wildlife may be that persistence is relatively unaffected by fluctuations in host density because at low density is low but hosts move more freely, and at high density is high but transmission is hampered by local build-up of infected or recovered animals.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Hamede, Rodrigo K.;Bashford, Jim;Jones, Menna
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Begon, M;Bennett, M;Turner, J
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2002.2213
发表时间：
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通讯作者：
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