The ash dieback invasion of Europe was founded by two individuals from a native population with huge adaptive potential

The ash dieback invasion of Europe was founded by two individuals from a native population with huge adaptive potential
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白蜡树顶枯病对欧洲的入侵是由来自本地种群的两个个体发起的,具有巨大的适应潜力

DOI:
10.1101/146746
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
McMullan M
McMullan M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
McMullan M

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国际贸易的加速和气候变化使病原菌的传播日益受到关注,白蜡枯梢病的病原体--白蜡膜孢菌(Hymenoscyphus fraxineus)就是其中之一,它跨越大陆传播,从亚洲到欧洲都是白蜡树的宿主。大多数欧洲白蜡树对H.秦皮属虽然有少数(~5%)对枯梢病有部分抗性。我们已经收集并注释了H. Fraxineus基因组接近染色体规模。欧洲和日本的病原体遗传多样性揭示了进入欧洲的一个紧密瓶颈,尽管适应性多样性的信号仍然存在于关键的宿主相互作用基因(效应子)中。我们发现,欧洲人口是由两个不同的单倍体个体。这些单倍型之间的分歧代表了一个大的来源人口的“阴影”和随后的引进将大大增加适应潜力和病原体的威胁。因此,欧盟范围内的生物安全措施仍然是控制这一疾病战略的重要组成部分。
Accelerating international trade and climate change make pathogen spread an increasing concern.Hymenoscyphus fraxineus,the causal agent of ash dieback is one such pathogen, moving across continents and hosts from Asian to European ash. Most European common ash(Fraxinus excelsior)trees are highly susceptible toH. fraxineusalthough a small minority (~5%) evidently have partial resistance to dieback. We have assembled and annotated a draft of theH. fraxineusgenome which approaches chromosome scale. Pathogen genetic diversity across Europe, and in Japan, reveals a tight bottleneck into Europe, though a signal of adaptive diversity remains in key host interaction genes (effectors). We find that the European population was founded by two divergent haploid individuals. Divergence between these haplotypes represents the 'shadow' of a large source population and subsequent introduction would greatly increase adaptive potential and the pathogen's threat. Thus, EU wide biological security measures remain an important part of the strategy to manage this disease.
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