Evaluation of the ‘Jumping to conclusions’ bias in different subgroups of the at-risk mental state: from cognitive basic symptoms to UHR criteria
Evaluation of the ‘Jumping to conclusions’ bias in different subgroups of the at-risk mental state: from cognitive basic symptoms to UHR criteria
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高危心理状态不同亚组的“跳出结论”偏差评估：从认知基本症状到UHR标准
DOI：
10.1017/s0033291716000465
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Dieter Naber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franziska Rausch;Sarah Eisenacher;Hasan Elkin;Susanne Englisch;Sarah Kayser;Nadine Striepens;Marion Lautenschlager;Andreas Heinz;Yehonala Gudlowski;Birgit Janssen;Wolfgang Gaebel;Tanja Maria Michel;Frank Schneider;Martin Lambert;Dieter Naber
背景精神病患者表现出所谓的“跳到结论”偏见（JTC）-在概率推理任务中匆忙做出决策的倾向。到目前为止，只有少数研究评估了“高危精神状态”（ARMS）患者的JTC偏倚，特别是在满足“超高风险”（UHR）标准的ARMS样本中，因此不允许在不同的ARMS亚组之间进行比较。方法在PREVENT（精神分裂症二级预防）研究的框架下，对188名符合UHR标准或出现认知基本症状（BS）的患者应用JTC任务。30名年龄、性别、教育程度和病前语言智力相匹配的健康对照参与者也有类似的数据。通过前驱症状结构化访谈（SIPS）和精神分裂症倾向量表-成人版（SPI-A）确定ARMS患者。结果ARM -亚组之间的平均抽签决定次数（DTD）有显著差异：UHR患者的抽签决定次数显著少于仅有认知BS的ARMS患者。此外，UHR患者往往比BS患者更容易满足JTC的行为标准。在二次分析中，ARMS患者的决策比对照组要迅速得多。在患者中，DTD与阳性和阴性症状以及混乱和兴奋中度相关。结论我们的数据表明，与仅有认知BS的ARMS患者相比，UHR组的JTC偏倚增强。这强调了推理缺陷在发展中的精神病认知理论中的重要性。在纵向研究中，应阐明精神病转变倾向和治疗干预之间的相互作用。
Background Patients with psychosis display the so-called ‘Jumping to Conclusions’ bias (JTC) – a tendency for hasty decision-making in probabilistic reasoning tasks. So far, only a few studies have evaluated the JTC bias in ‘at-risk mental state’ (ARMS) patients, specifically in ARMS samples fulfilling ‘ultra-high risk’ (UHR) criteria, thus not allowing for comparisons between different ARMS subgroups. Method In the framework of the PREVENT (secondary prevention of schizophrenia) study, a JTC task was applied to 188 patients either fulfilling UHR criteria or presenting with cognitive basic symptoms (BS). Similar data were available for 30 healthy control participants matched for age, gender, education and premorbid verbal intelligence. ARMS patients were identified by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms (SIPS) and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument – Adult Version (SPI-A). Results The mean number of draws to decision (DTD) significantly differed between ARM -subgroups: UHR patients made significantly less draws to make a decision than ARMS patients with only cognitive BS. Furthermore, UHR patients tended to fulfil behavioural criteria for JTC more often than BS patients. In a secondary analysis, ARMS patients were much hastier in their decision-making than controls. In patients, DTD was moderately associated with positive and negative symptoms as well as disorganization and excitement. Conclusions Our data indicate an enhanced JTC bias in the UHR group compared to ARMS patients with only cognitive BS. This underscores the importance of reasoning deficits within cognitive theories of the developing psychosis. Interactions with the liability to psychotic transitions and therapeutic interventions should be unravelled in longitudinal studies.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Bentall, Richard P.;Rowse, Georgina;Corcoran, Rhiannon
通讯作者：
Corcoran, Rhiannon
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Speechley, William J.;Whitman, Jennifer C.;Woodward, Todd S.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
K. Ross;D. Freeman;G. Dunn;P. Garety
通讯作者：
P. Garety
Psychosen - Früherkennung 和 Frühintervention
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Häfner;A. Bechdolf;J. Klosterkötter;K. Maurer
通讯作者：
K. Maurer
DOI：
10.1364/josaa.20.001434
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Lee, TS;Mumford, D
通讯作者：
Mumford, D