Changing contribution of smoking to the sex differences in life expectancy in Europe, 1950-2014.
Changing contribution of smoking to the sex differences in life expectancy in Europe, 1950-2014.
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1950 年至 2014 年，吸烟对欧洲预期寿命性别差异的影响不断变化。
DOI：
10.1007/s10654-020-00602-x
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Janssen F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janssen F
本文提供了一个详细的和全面的说明吸烟的贡献性别差异在出生时预期寿命（e0）在欧洲，重点是随着时间的推移和欧洲国家和欧洲地区之间的差异。为此，使用全因死亡率数据和按年龄和性别间接估计的吸烟归因死亡率以及正式分解分析，将1950-2014年期间31个欧洲国家e0的性别差异分解为吸烟和非吸烟相关部分。研究发现，2014年，吸烟导致的死亡率平均为3年（43.5%），导致男女之间的预期寿命差异为7年。1995年的贡献最大，为9.0岁中的5.2岁，随后随着预期寿命的平均性别差异而下降。在1975年前后，西北欧、1985年前后的南欧和1990-1995年前后的东欧，吸烟造成的死亡率的平均比例特别大，当时吸烟造成的死亡率在男子中达到最高水平，但在妇女中仍然很低。从1995年起，在e0的性别差异中观察到的平行下降以及吸烟对这种性别差异的绝对贡献表明，最近e0的性别差异的下降几乎可以完全由吸烟性别差异的历史变化来解释，因此，吸烟可归因于死亡率。随着吸烟流行病的发展，预计欧洲预期寿命的性别差异今后将进一步缩小。本文的在线版本（10.1007/s10654-020-00602-x）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
This article provides a detailed and overarching illustration of the contribution of smoking to sex differences in life expectancy at birth (e0) in Europe, focusing on changes over time and differences between both European countries and European regions. For this purpose, the sex difference in e0 for 31 European countries over the 1950–2014 period was decomposed into a smoking- and a non-smoking-related part, using all-cause mortality data and indirectly estimated smoking-attributable mortality rates by age and sex, and a formal decomposition analysis. It was found that smoking-attributable mortality contributed, on average, 3 years (43.5%) to the 7-year life expectancy difference between women and men in 2014. This contribution, was largest in 1995, at 5.2 out of 9.0 years, and subsequently declined in parallel with the average sex difference in life expectancy. The average contribution of smoking-attributable mortality was especially large in North-Western Europe around 1975; in Southern Europe around 1985; and in Eastern Europe around 1990–1995, when smoking-attributable mortality reached maximum levels among men, but was still low among women. The observed parallel decline from 1995 onwards in the sex differences in e0 and the absolute contribution of smoking to this sex difference suggests that this recent decline in the sex difference in e0 can be almost fully explained by historical changes in sex differences in smoking, and, consequently, smoking-attributable mortality. In line with the progression of the smoking epidemic, the sex differences in life expectancy in Europe are expected to further decline in the future. The online version of this article (10.1007/s10654-020-00602-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
PETO, R;LOPEZ, AD;HEATH, C
通讯作者：
HEATH, C
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Trias-Llimos, Sergi;Janssen, Fanny
通讯作者：
Janssen, Fanny
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Thun, Michael;Peto, Richard;Lopez, Alan D.
通讯作者：
Lopez, Alan D.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
McCartney, Gerry;Mahmood, Lamia;Hunt, Kate
通讯作者：
Hunt, Kate
影响因子：
2
作者：
Pampel, Fred C
通讯作者：
Pampel, Fred C