Feature similarity is non-linearly related to attentional selection: Evidence from visual search and sustained attention tasks.
Feature similarity is non-linearly related to attentional selection: Evidence from visual search and sustained attention tasks.
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特征相似性与注意选择呈非线性关系：来自视觉搜索和持续注意任务的证据。
DOI：
10.1167/jov.22.8.4
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发表时间：
2022-07-11
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
尽管许多注意力理论强调了目标项目和干扰项目之间的相似性对于选择的重要性，但很少有研究直接量化这种关系背后的功能。在视觉搜索和持续注意力这两个常用任务中，我们研究了目标干扰相似性如何影响基于特征的注意力选择。重要的是，我们发现视觉搜索和基于特征的持续注意力任务的性能模式相当，在中等目标-干扰距离（亮度匹配色轮周围 40°–50°）处，性能（分别是响应时间和 dʹ）趋于稳定。相比之下，通过搜索斜率衡量的视觉搜索效率受到更窄范围的相似性水平（10°–20°）的影响。我们使用基于刺激和基于心理的相似性测量来评估目标-干扰物相似性与注意力表现之间的关系，并在这两种情况下发现了这种非线性关系。然而，心理相似性解释了数据中观察到的一些非线性，这表明在研究目标-干扰相似性的影响时，心理相似性的测量更合适。这些发现对选择性注意模型提出了新的限制，并强调了考虑注意运作的特征空间的相似性结构的重要性。从广义上讲，相似性对注意力的非线性影响与提出注意力夸大竞争表征之间的距离的说法是一致的，这可能是通过增强失调的神经元来实现的。
Although many theories of attention highlight the importance of similarity between target and distractor items for selection, few studies have directly quantified the function underlying this relationship. Across two commonly used tasks—visual search and sustained attention—we investigated how target-distractor similarity impacts feature-based attentional selection. Importantly, we found comparable patterns of performance in both visual search and sustained feature-based attention tasks, with performance (response times and dʹ, respectively) plateauing at medium target-distractor distances (40°–50° around a luminance-matched color wheel). In contrast, visual search efficiency, as measured by search slopes, was affected by a much more narrow range of similarity levels (10°–20°). We assessed the relationship between target-distractor similarity and attentional performance using both a stimulus-based and psychologically-based measure of similarity and found this nonlinear relationship in both cases. However, psychological similarity accounted for some of the nonlinearities observed in the data, suggesting that measures of psychological similarity are more appropriate when studying effects of target-distractor similarities. These findings place novel constraints on models of selective attention and emphasize the importance of considering the similarity structure of the feature space over which attention operates. Broadly, the nonlinear effects of similarity on attention are consistent with accounts that propose attention exaggerates the distance between competing representations, possibly through enhancement of off-tuned neurons.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Arun, S. P.
通讯作者：
Arun, S. P.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Nagy, AL;Cone, SM
通讯作者：
Cone, SM
DOI：
10.3758/s13414-019-01910-5
发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
Attention, perception & psychophysics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lee J;Geng JJ
通讯作者：
Geng JJ
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Maloney, LT;Yang, JN
通讯作者：
Yang, JN
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Martinez-Trujillo, JC;Treue, S
通讯作者：
Treue, S