One-Carbon Metabolism: Pulling the Strings behind Aging and Neurodegeneration.

One-Carbon Metabolism: Pulling the Strings behind Aging and Neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells11020214
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发表时间:
2022-01-09
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Tavernarakis N
Tavernarakis N
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lionaki E;Ploumi C;Tavernarakis N

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一碳代谢(OCM)是将一碳单位传递到各种生物合成途径的生化反应网络。叶酸循环和甲硫氨酸循环是该网络的两个关键模块,其调节嘌呤和胸苷的合成、氨基酸稳态和表观遗传机制。与转硫途径的交叉支持谷胱甘肽的产生和细胞氧化还原状态的调节。膳食摄入微量营养素,如叶酸和氨基酸,直接有助于OCM,从而使细胞代谢状态适应环境输入。OCM在发育过程中和成体增殖组织中对细胞增殖的贡献已得到充分证实。然而,越来越多的证据表明,OCM在非增殖性组织的细胞内稳态和协调调节能量稳态和寿命的信号级联中起着关键作用。在这篇综述中,我们总结了OCM和相关通路的现有知识,并讨论了这种代谢网络如何影响跨物种的寿命和神经退行性变。
One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a network of biochemical reactions delivering one-carbon units to various biosynthetic pathways. The folate cycle and methionine cycle are the two key modules of this network that regulate purine and thymidine synthesis, amino acid homeostasis, and epigenetic mechanisms. Intersection with the transsulfuration pathway supports glutathione production and regulation of the cellular redox state. Dietary intake of micronutrients, such as folates and amino acids, directly contributes to OCM, thereby adapting the cellular metabolic state to environmental inputs. The contribution of OCM to cellular proliferation during development and in adult proliferative tissues is well established. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence reveals the pivotal role of OCM in cellular homeostasis of non-proliferative tissues and in coordination of signaling cascades that regulate energy homeostasis and longevity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on OCM and related pathways and discuss how this metabolic network may impact longevity and neurodegeneration across species.
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