Molecular control of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics and chromosome oscillations.

Molecular control of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics and chromosome oscillations.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb2033
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发表时间:
2010-04
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Meraldi, Patrick
Meraldi, Patrick
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Amaro, Ana C.;Samora, Catarina P.;Holtackers, Rene;Wang, Enxiu;Kingston, Isabel J.;Alonso, Maria;Lampson, Michael;McAinsh, Andrew D.;Meraldi, Patrick

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后生动物的染色体分离需要姐妹动粒在中期板上的排列。在染色体排列过程中,双向动粒通过调节所连接的微管的正末端动力学来移动染色体。运动舞蹈结合的微管束在生长和收缩之间交替,导致沿纺锤体轴沿着有规律的振荡。然而,协调微管加端动力学的分子机制仍然未知。在这里,我们表明,CENP-H,一个亚基的CENP-A NAC/CAD动粒复合物,是必不可少的这种协调,作为动粒缺乏CENP-H建立双向附件,但不能产生定期振荡,由于不受控制的微管加端营业额率。这些变化导致快速的不稳定运动,破坏中期板块的组织。此外,我们表明,CENP-A NAC/CAD亚基CENP-H和CENP-I的丰度在体内个体姐妹动粒上动态变化,因为它们优先结合附着在生长微管上的姐妹动粒,而另一个亚基CENP-Q在体外结合微管。因此,我们建议,CENP-A NAC/CAD是一个直接的调节剂的kinetochore-microtubule动力学,物理连接着丝粒DNA的微管加端。
Chromosome segregation in metazoans requires the alignment of sister-kinetochores onto the metaphase plate. During chromosome alignment, bioriented kinetochores move chromosomes by regulating the plus-end dynamics of the attached microtubules. The bundles of kinetochore-bound microtubules alternate between growth and shrinkage, leading to regular oscillations along the spindle axis. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate microtubule plus-end dynamics remain unknown. Here we show that CENP-H, a subunit of the CENP-A NAC/CAD kinetochore complex, is essential for this coordination, as kinetochores lacking CENP-H establish bioriented attachments, but fail to generate regular oscillations, due to an uncontrolled rate of microtubule plus-end turnover. These alterations lead to rapid erratic movements that disrupt metaphase plate organization. Moreover, we show that the abundance of the CENP-A NAC/CAD subunits CENP-H and CENP-I dynamically change on individual sister-kinetochores in vivo, as they preferentially bind the sister-kinetochore attached to growing microtubules, and that one other subunit, CENP-Q, binds microtubules in vitro. Thus, we propose that CENP-A NAC/CAD is a direct regulator of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics, which physically links centromeric DNA to microtubule plus-ends.
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