Pre-Columbian soil fertilization and current management maintain food resource availability in old-growth Amazonian forests
Pre-Columbian soil fertilization and current management maintain food resource availability in old-growth Amazonian forests
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前哥伦布时代的土壤施肥和当前的管理维持了古老的亚马逊森林的食物资源可用性
DOI：
10.1007/s11104-020-04461-z
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Levis C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levis C
在古老的亚马逊森林中，前哥伦布时期人类遗产的范围和持久性仍然存在争议，部分原因是现代社会重新占领了旧的定居点，挑战了前哥伦布时期和后哥伦布时期遗产之间的区别。在这里，我们比较了前哥伦布与最近的景观驯化过程对土壤和植被在两个Amazonian regions.MethodsWe研究了森林景观在不同的距离从前哥伦布和目前的定居点内的传统和土著人民的保护区，在较低的Tapajós和中上马德拉河流域。通过进行69自由上市的采访，参与性的映射，导游，27森林库存，和土壤分析，我们评估了前哥伦布和当前活动的影响，在土壤和植物资源周围的settlements.ResultsIn这两个地区，我们发现，前哥伦布的村庄更密集地分布在整个景观比目前的村庄。土壤养分（主要是钙和磷）较高，更接近前哥伦布时期的村庄，但一般不相关，目前的村庄，这表明过去的土壤施肥。土壤木炭在所有森林中频繁，表明频繁的火灾事件。在富磷土壤中，用作食物的驯化植物的密度增加。相比之下，用于建设的植物的密度下降附近电流villages.ConclusionsWe检测到一个显着的影响，过去的土壤施肥对粮食资源在广泛的地区，支持这一假设，前哥伦布景观驯化留下持久的痕迹亚马逊景观。我们的研究结果表明，前哥伦布时期的磷肥与过去和目前的管理相结合，推动了古老森林中植物资源的可用性。
AimsThe extent and persistence of pre-Columbian human legacies in old-growth Amazonian forests are still controversial, partly because modern societies re-occupied old settlements, challenging the distinction between pre- and post-Columbian legacies. Here, we compared the effects of pre-Columbian vs. recent landscape domestication processes on soils and vegetation in two Amazonian regions.MethodsWe studied forest landscapes at varying distances from pre-Columbian and current settlements inside protected areas occupied by traditional and indigenous peoples in the lower Tapajós and the upper-middle Madeira river basins. By conducting 69 free-listing interviews, participatory mappings, guided-tours, 27 forest inventories, and soil analysis, we assessed the influences of pre-Columbian and current activities in soils and plant resources surrounding the settlements.ResultsIn both regions, we found that pre-Columbian villages were more densely distributed across the landscape than current villages. Soil nutrients (mainly Ca and P) were higher closer to pre-Columbian villages but were generally not related to current villages, suggesting past soil fertilization. Soil charcoal was frequent in all forests, suggesting frequent fire events. The density of domesticated plants used for food increased in phosphorus enriched soils. In contrast, the density of plants used for construction decreased near current villages.ConclusionsWe detected a significant effect of past soil fertilization on food resources over extensive areas, supporting the hypothesis that pre-Columbian landscape domestication left persistent marks on Amazonian landscapes. Our results suggest that a combination of pre-Columbian phosphorus fertilization with past and current management drives plant resource availability in old-growth forests.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Denevan
通讯作者：
W. Denevan
DOI：
10.1177/0959683615588372
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The Holocene
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
P. Stahl