Gender differences in couples' division of childcare, work and mental health during COVID-19.
Gender differences in couples' division of childcare, work and mental health during COVID-19.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11150-020-09534-7
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Prados MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zamarro G;Prados MJ
当前的COVID-19危机，加上相关的学校和日托关闭以及社交距离要求，有可能扩大家庭和工作中儿童保育安排方面的性别差异。我们使用来自美国全国代表性样本的数据，了解美国冠状病毒跟踪调查，以了解家庭内部的性别差异对COVID-19危机的影响。我们研究父亲和母亲是如何应对这场危机的儿童保育提供，就业，工作安排，心理困扰水平。我们发现，在COVID-19危机期间，女性在提供托儿服务方面承担的负担比男性更重，即使她们仍在工作。母亲目前的工作状况似乎对她们提供儿童保育的影响有限。然而，这种育儿分工与工作时间的减少和职业母亲失业的可能性增加有关。最后，我们观察到一个小的，但新的差距出现在母亲和妇女之间的心理困扰，没有学龄儿童在家庭中在4月初。这一新的差距似乎是由小学学龄儿童和更年幼儿童的母亲报告的更高水平的心理困扰造成的。
The current COVID-19 crisis, with its associated school and daycare closures as well as social-distancing requirements, has the potential to magnify gender differences both in terms of childcare arrangements within the household and at work. We use data from a nationally representative sample of the United States from the Understanding Coronavirus in America tracking survey to understand gender differences within households on the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. We study how fathers and mothers are coping with this crisis in terms of childcare provision, employment, working arrangements, and psychological distress levels. We find that women have carried a heavier load than men in the provision of childcare during the COVID-19 crisis, even while still working. Mothers’ current working situations appear to have a limited influence on their provision of childcare. This division of childcare is, however, associated with a reduction in working hours and an increased probability of transitioning out of employment for working mothers. Finally, we observe a small but new gap in psychological distress that emerged between mothers and women without school-age children in the household in early April. This new gap appears to be driven by higher levels of psychological distress reported by mothers of elementary school-age and younger children.
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