Stress and neurodevelopmental processes in the emergence of psychosis.
Stress and neurodevelopmental processes in the emergence of psychosis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.017
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发表时间：
2013-09-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Walker EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holtzman CW;Trotman HD;Goulding SM;Ryan AT;Macdonald AN;Shapiro DI;Brasfield JL;Walker EF
压力在精神障碍，尤其是精神分裂症的病因中起作用的观点由来已久。然而，直到最近几年，调节这种效应的潜在神经机制才引起了更多的关注。心理社会因素和大脑功能之间相互作用的更复杂模型的引入，扩大了我们概念化更详细的精神病压力心理生物学模型的机会。此外，我们对青春期大脑发育理解的科学进步揭示了一个挑战研究人员的关键问题；即为什么精神病的第一次发作通常发生在青春期后期/青年时期。在这篇文章中，我们首先回顾了支持心理社会压力和精神病之间的联系的证据，这些患者以及精神病的临床高危个体。然后，我们讨论生物应激系统，并检查精神病发作前后的变化。接下来，介绍了与精神病相关的结构和功能大脑特征的研究结果；这些发现表明，正常的青少年神经成熟过程可能会出错，从而为精神病综合征的出现奠定了基础。最后，提出了精神病发病机制的神经机制模型，并对未来的研究策略进行了探讨。
The notion that stress plays a role in the etiology of psychotic disorders, especially schizophrenia, is longstanding. However, it is only in recent years that the potential neural mechanisms mediating this effect have come into sharper focus. The introduction of more sophisticated models of the interplay between psychosocial factors and brain function has expanded our opportunities for conceptualizing more detailed psychobiological models of stress in psychosis. Further, scientific advances in our understanding of adolescent brain development have shed light on a pivotal question that has challenged researchers; namely, why the first episode of psychosis typically occurs in late adolescence/young adulthood. In this paper, we begin by reviewing the evidence supporting associations between psychosocial stress and psychosis in diagnosed patients as well as individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. We then discuss biological stress systems and examine changes that precede and follow psychosis onset. Next, research findings on structural and functional brain characteristics associated with psychosis are presented; these findings suggest that normal adolescent neuromaturational processes may go awry, thereby setting the stage for the emergence of psychotic syndromes. Finally, a model of neural mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of psychosis is presented and directions for future research strategies are explored.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.02.006
发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Arnsten, Amy F. T.
通讯作者：
Arnsten, Amy F. T.
影响因子：
4
作者：
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通讯作者：
Nadal, Roser
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Fananas, Lourdes
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Buka, SL;Fan, AP
通讯作者：
Fan, AP
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Brenner, K.;Liu, A.;King, S.
通讯作者：
King, S.