Candidate genes for cannabis use disorders: findings, challenges and directions.
Candidate genes for cannabis use disorders: findings, challenges and directions.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02504.x
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发表时间:
2009-04
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lynskey MT
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Agrawal A;Lynskey MT
Twin studies have shown that cannabis use disorders (abuse/dependence) are highly heritable. This review aims to: (i) review existing linkage studies of cannabis use disorders and (ii) review gene association studies, to identify potential candidate genes, including those that have been tested for composite substance use disorders, and (iii) to highlight challenges in the genomic study of cannabis use disorders. Peer-reviewed linkage and candidate gene association studies are reviewed. Four linkage studies are reviewed: results from these have homed in on regions on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 9, 14, 17 and 18, which harbor candidates of predicted biological relevance, such as monoglyceride lipase (MGL) on chromosome 3, but also novel genes, including ELTD1 (EGF, latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain containing 1) on chromosome 1. Gene association studies are presented for (a) genes posited to have specific influences on cannabis use disorders: CNR1, CB2, FAAH, MGL, TRPV1 and GPR55 and (b) genes from various neurotransmitter systems that are likely to exert a non-specific influence on risk of cannabis use disorders e.g. GABRA2, DRD2 and OPRM1. There are challenges associated with (i) understanding biological complexity underlying cannabis use disorders (including the need to study gene-gene and gene-environment interactions), (ii) using diagnostic versus quantitative phenotypes, (iii) delineating which stage of cannabis involvement (e.g. use vs. misuse) genes influence and (iv) problems of sample ascertainment.
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影响因子:
4.2
作者:
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通讯作者:
Bierut, Laura J.
影响因子:
2.5
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Johnson, KJ
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7.6
作者:
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通讯作者:
Parsons, LH
影响因子:
5
作者:
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通讯作者:
Mechoulam, R
影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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