Self-soothing behaviors with particular reference to oxytocin release induced by non-noxious sensory stimulation.
Self-soothing behaviors with particular reference to oxytocin release induced by non-noxious sensory stimulation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01529
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Petersson M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uvnäs-Moberg K;Handlin L;Petersson M
催产素是一种下丘脑九肽，与社会互动、幸福感和抗压力作用的增加有关。催产素在各种互动行为中通过感官刺激释放的作用往往被低估，甚至被遗忘。事实上，在互动过程中产生的许多积极影响，例如幸福感，减轻压力甚至促进健康，确实与催产素有关，催产素是响应各种类型的感觉神经的激活而释放的。催产素是在分娩、哺乳和性活动期间对感觉神经的激活做出反应而释放的。此外，催产素响应于皮肤的低强度刺激而释放，因此，催产素不仅在母亲和婴儿之间的互动过程中释放，而且在成人之间或人与动物之间的积极互动过程中也会释放。最后，催产素也会在吮吸和进食时释放。由于这些类型的互动行为，大脑中释放的催产素对感官刺激做出反应，有助于每天的健康和应对压力的能力。食物摄入或性行为可能被用来甚至滥用，以实现催产素相关的健康和压力缓解，以弥补缺乏良好的关系或焦虑水平高。本文综述了感觉刺激（尤其是躯体感觉刺激）释放的催产素在各种互动行为中所起的作用。此外，当催产素响应于皮肤的“低强度”刺激而释放时，催产素的抗应激作用特别强的事实将被强调。
Oxytocin, a hypothalamic nonapeptide, is linked to increased levels of social interaction, well-being and anti-stress effects. The effects of oxytocin that is released by sensory stimulation during different kinds of interactive behaviors are often underestimated or even forgotten. In fact, many of the positive effects caused during interaction, such a wellbeing, stress reduction and even health promotion, are indeed linked to oxytocin released in response to activation of various types of sensory nerves. Oxytocin is released in response to activation of sensory nerves during labor, breastfeeding and sexual activity. In addition oxytocin is released in response to low intensity stimulation of the skin, e.g., in response to touch, stroking, warm temperature, etc. Consequently oxytocin is not only released during interaction between mothers and infants, but also during positive interaction between adults or between humans and animals. Finally oxytocin is also released in response to suckling and food intake. Oxytocin released in the brain in response to sensory stimulation as a consequence of these types of interactive behaviors, contributes to every day wellbeing and ability to handle stress. Food intake or sex may be used or even abused to achieve oxytocin-linked wellbeing and stress relief to compensate for lack of good relationships or when the levels of anxiety are high. The present review article will summarize the role played by oxytocin released by sensory (in particular somatosensory) stimulation, during various kinds of interactive behaviors. Also the fact that the anti-stress effects of oxytocin are particularly strong when oxytocin is released in response to “low intensity” stimulation of the skin will be highlighted.
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