Incorporating cache management behavior into seed dispersal: the effect of pericarp removal on acorn germination.
Incorporating cache management behavior into seed dispersal: the effect of pericarp removal on acorn germination.
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将缓存管理行为纳入种子传播：果皮去除对橡子发芽的影响
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0092544
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dong Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yi X;Zhang M;Bartlow AW;Dong Z
选择种子进行长期贮藏是囤积食物动物的关键因素。西伯利亚花栗鼠（Tamias sibiricus）会将蒙古栎的果皮和贮藏的橡子撒在那些被昆虫侵扰的橡子上，以使贮藏的橡子获得最大的回报。我们不知道这些花栗鼠是否会从其他橡树物种的橡子上剥下果皮，也不知道这种行为是否有利于幼苗的建立。本研究以中国栎属 glandulifera)、锐齿栎(Q. Aliena和Q.锯齿状变种brevipetiolata，以及如何影响这些橡子的扩散和萌发。结果表明，在给花栗鼠提供完好的栓皮栎橡子和有虫的栓皮栎橡子的情况下，栓皮栎的取食量和取食量对花栗鼠的取食量有显著影响。Aliena和Q.锯齿状变种结果表明：短柄果型和短柄果型的采收率相同，采收率和采收率均为100%。这种偏好表明，西伯利亚花栗鼠无法区分声音和昆虫出没的橡子。然而，西伯利亚花栗鼠在分散和贮藏这三种橡树之前，先从橡子上取下果皮。结果表明，大量的健康橡子被分散贮藏，大量的受侵染橡子被立即食用。此外，室内发芽试验表明，花栗鼠去果皮对橡子发芽有促进作用，而人工去果皮对橡子发芽无明显影响。研究结果表明，去除果皮可以使西伯利亚花栗鼠有效地识别受昆虫侵扰的橡子，这可能是一种适应性的缓存管理行为。鉴于去果皮橡子的萌发模式，我们认为西伯利亚花栗鼠的觅食行为可能会对不同栎属橡子的传播和萌发产生潜在的影响。
Selecting seeds for long-term storage is a key factor for food hoarding animals. Siberian chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus) remove the pericarp and scatter hoard sound acorns of Quercus mongolica over those that are insect-infested to maximize returns from caches. We have no knowledge of whether these chipmunks remove the pericarp from acorns of other species of oaks and if this behavior benefits seedling establishment. In this study, we tested whether Siberian chipmunks engage in this behavior with acorns of three other Chinese oak species, Q. variabilis, Q. aliena and Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata, and how the dispersal and germination of these acorns are affected. Our results show that when chipmunks were provided with sound and infested acorns of Quercus variabilis, Q. aliena and Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata, the two types were equally harvested and dispersed. This preference suggests that Siberian chipmunks are incapable of distinguishing between sound and insect-infested acorns. However, Siberian chipmunks removed the pericarp from acorns of these three oak species prior to dispersing and caching them. Consequently, significantly more sound acorns were scatter hoarded and more infested acorns were immediately consumed. Additionally, indoor germination experiments showed that pericarp removal by chipmunks promoted acorn germination while artificial removal showed no significant effect. Our results show that pericarp removal allows Siberian chipmunks to effectively discriminate against insect-infested acorns and may represent an adaptive behavior for cache management. Because of the germination patterns of pericarp-removed acorns, we argue that the foraging behavior of Siberian chipmunks could have potential impacts on the dispersal and germination of acorns from various oak species.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Liu Y;Liu G;Li Q;Liu Y;Hou L;Li G
通讯作者：
Li G
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
BARNETT, RJ
通讯作者：
BARNETT, RJ
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Cheng, Jinrui;Zhang, Hongmao
通讯作者：
Zhang, Hongmao
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
FOX, JF
通讯作者：
FOX, JF
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
NIXON, CM;WORLEY, DM;MCCLAIN, MW
通讯作者：
MCCLAIN, MW