Host phenology can drive the evolution of intermediate virulence strategies in some obligate-killer parasites.
Host phenology can drive the evolution of intermediate virulence strategies in some obligate-killer parasites.
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.14507
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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传播与毒力之间的传统机制权衡是几乎所有寄生虫毒力进化理论的基础。对于专性宿主杀手寄生虫，向中等毒力的进化取决于毒力（死亡时间）和传播（死亡后释放的后代数量）之间的权衡。虽然有几个生态因素会影响受权衡约束的最佳毒力策略，但这些因素不足以解释在自然界中观察到的中间毒力水平。季节活动的时间或物候是一个通常影响生态相互作用的因素，但很难纳入毒力进化研究。我们提出了一个季节性专性杀手寄生虫的数学模型，以研究宿主物候对毒力进化的影响。该模型表明，即使忽略了传播和毒力之间的传统机制权衡，宿主物候也可以选择中间的寄生虫毒力。最优毒力策略受宿主活动期长短和羽化时间变化的影响。具有较低毒力策略的寄生虫在宿主活动周期较长和宿主同步出现的环境中更受青睐。结果表明，宿主物候可以充分选择中间毒力策略，在一些自然系统中提供了毒力进化的替代驱动程序。
Traditional mechanistic trade‐offs between transmission and virulence are the foundation of nearly all theory on parasite virulence evolution. For obligate‐host killer parasites, evolution toward intermediate virulence depends on a trade‐off between virulence (time to death) and transmission (the number of progeny released upon death). Although several ecological factors impact optimal virulence strategies constrained by trade‐offs, these factors have been insufficient to explain the intermediate virulence levels observed in nature. The timing of seasonal activity, or phenology, is a factor that commonly influences ecological interactions but is difficult to incorporate into virulence evolution studies. We present a mathematical model of a seasonal obligate‐killer parasite to study the impact of host phenology on virulence evolution. The model demonstrates that host phenology can select for intermediate parasite virulence even when a traditional mechanistic trade‐off between transmission and virulence is omitted. The optimal virulence strategy is impacted by both the host activity period duration and the host emergence timing variation. Parasites with lower virulence strategies are favored in environments with longer host activity periods and when hosts emerge synchronously. The results demonstrate that host phenology can be sufficient to select for intermediate virulence strategies, providing an alternative driver of virulence evolution in some natural systems.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02371940
发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
ENTOMOPHAGA
影响因子：
--
作者：
DELUCCHI, V
通讯作者：
DELUCCHI, V
影响因子：
2
作者：
Hilker, F. M.;Sun, T. A.;Hamelin, F. M.
通讯作者：
Hamelin, F. M.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Ben-Ami F
通讯作者：
Ben-Ami F
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
ANDERSON, RM;MAY, RM
通讯作者：
MAY, RM
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1999.0869
发表时间：
1999-10-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Boots, M;Sasaki, A
通讯作者：
Sasaki, A