Development of prefrontal cortex.
Development of prefrontal cortex.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41386-021-01137-9
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rakic P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolk SM;Rakic P
在进化过程中，大脑皮层通过增加表面和引入新的细胞构造区来推进，其中前额叶被认为是最高认知功能的底物。虽然PFC的神经元在出生前就产生了，但它的神经元的分化和人类突触连接的发展一直延续到了生命的第三十年。在此期间，突触以及神经递质系统，包括它们的受体和转运体，最初被过度生产，随后被选择性消除。应用于人类和动物模型的先进方法，使我们能够研究特定基因、非编码调控元件和信号分子在控制前额叶神经元产生和表型命运中的细胞机制和作用，以及神经元的迁移，以建立PFC的分层。同样，各种遗传方法结合功能分析、免疫组织化学和成像方法揭示了神经递质系统在PFC成熟过程中的作用。遗传或环境因素造成的神经元产生、迁移和突触形成速度的破坏，甚至是轻微的减慢，都可能导致粗略和细微的变化，最终可能导致认知障碍。了解PFC的发展和演变有助于深入了解先天性神经精神疾病以及导致智力残疾的特发性发育障碍的发病机制和治疗方法。
During evolution, the cerebral cortex advances by increasing in surface and the introduction of new cytoarchitectonic areas among which the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered to be the substrate of highest cognitive functions. Although neurons of the PFC are generated before birth, the differentiation of its neurons and development of synaptic connections in humans extend to the 3rd decade of life. During this period, synapses as well as neurotransmitter systems including their receptors and transporters, are initially overproduced followed by selective elimination. Advanced methods applied to human and animal models, enable investigation of the cellular mechanisms and role of specific genes, non-coding regulatory elements and signaling molecules in control of prefrontal neuronal production and phenotypic fate, as well as neuronal migration to establish layering of the PFC. Likewise, various genetic approaches in combination with functional assays and immunohistochemical and imaging methods reveal roles of neurotransmitter systems during maturation of the PFC. Disruption, or even a slight slowing of the rate of neuronal production, migration and synaptogenesis by genetic or environmental factors, can induce gross as well as subtle changes that eventually can lead to cognitive impairment. An understanding of the development and evolution of the PFC provide insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of congenital neuropsychiatric diseases as well as idiopathic developmental disorders that cause intellectual disabilities.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Barbas H;García-Cabezas MÁ
通讯作者：
García-Cabezas MÁ
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Beul SF;Barbas H;Hilgetag CC
通讯作者：
Hilgetag CC
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Altamura, C.;Dell'Acqua, M. L.;Persico, Antonio M.
通讯作者：
Persico, Antonio M.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07936.x
发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bang SJ;Jensen P;Dymecki SM;Commons KG
通讯作者：
Commons KG
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Allin, M;Henderson, M;Murray, R
通讯作者：
Murray, R