Longitudinal associations of subjective memory with memory performance and depressive symptoms: between-person and within-person perspectives.
Longitudinal associations of subjective memory with memory performance and depressive symptoms: between-person and within-person perspectives.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0037619
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gerstorf, Denis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hueluer, Gizem;Hertzog, Christopher;Pearman, Ann;Ram, Nilam;Gerstorf, Denis
成年人记忆丧失的临床诊断标准通常假设主观记忆评级准确地反映了记忆功能的受损。研究已经记录了老年人主观记忆和记忆表现之间的人与人之间的小的积极联系。然而，人们对主观记忆的人内波动是否与记忆表现和抑郁症状的人内差异有关的了解较少。本研究对27,395名健康和退休研究(HRS；基线平均年龄=63.78；SD=10.30；58%女性)参与者的9波数据应用多水平变化模型，以检查主观记忆是否与记忆表现和抑郁症状的人与人之间的差异和人内差异有关，并探索已知相关因素(年龄、性别、教育和功能限制)的调节作用。结果表明，在不同的人中，主观记忆水平确实与记忆表现和抑郁症状的水平有关，人与人之间的标准化效应大小为小到中等(记忆表现为0.19，抑郁症状为0.21)。在个人内部，当参与者在情节记忆测试中得分高于平时，或报告的抑郁症状低于平均水平时，会产生高于平均水平的主观记忆。在个人层面上，随着时间的推移，主观记忆评级对人内记忆表现的变化变得更加敏感，而那些遭受功能限制的人对人内记忆表现的变化和抑郁症状更加敏感。我们的研究结果表明，主观记忆的人内变化在一定程度上反映了一个人自己记忆功能的监测变化，但也受到抑郁症状变化的影响。
Clinical diagnostic criteria for memory loss in adults typically assume that subjective memory ratings accurately reflect compromised memory functioning. Research has documented small positive between-person associations between subjective memory and memory performance in older adults. Less is known, however, about whether within-person fluctuations in subjective memory covary with within-person variance in memory performance and depressive symptoms. The present study applied multilevel models of change to nine waves of data from 27,395 participants of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; mean age at baseline = 63.78; SD = 10.30; 58% women) to examine whether subjective memory is associated with both between-person differences and within-person variability in memory performance and depressive symptoms and explored the moderating role of known correlates (age, gender, education, and functional limitations). Results revealed that across persons, level of subjective memory indeed covaried with level of memory performance and depressive symptoms, with small-to-moderate between-person standardized effect sizes (0.19 for memory performance and 0.21 for depressive symptoms). Within individuals, occasions when participants scored higher than usual on a test of episodic memory or reported fewer-than-average depressive symptoms generated above-average subjective memory. At the within-person level, subjective memory ratings became more sensitive to within-person alterations in memory performance over time and those suffering from functional limitations were more sensitive to within-person alterations in memory performance and depressive symptoms. We take our results to suggest that within-person changes in subjective memory in part reflect monitoring flux in one’s own memory functioning, but are also influenced by flux in depressive symptoms.
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影响因子：
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