The 3D structure of the apical complex and association with the flagellar apparatus revealed by serial TEM tomography in Psammosa pacifica, a distant relative of the Apicomplexa.
The 3D structure of the apical complex and association with the flagellar apparatus revealed by serial TEM tomography in Psammosa pacifica, a distant relative of the Apicomplexa.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0084653
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Keeling PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okamoto N;Keeling PJ
顶端复合体是顶复门寄生虫的定义特征之一，包括疟疾寄生虫疟原虫，它介导宿主渗透和入侵。顶端复合体在一些相关谱系中也是已知的，包括几种非寄生异养生物，它介导摄食行为。顶端复合体的起源尚不清楚，原因之一是在顶端复合体中，它仅存在于生命周期的一部分，并且从不与鞭毛和基体等其他主要细胞骨架结构同时存在。在这里，我们使用传统 TEM 和连续 TEM 断层扫描重建了 Psammosa pacifica 顶端复合体的三维结构，Psammosa pacifica 是顶端复合体和甲藻的掠食性近亲，同时保留了原型顶端复合体和鞭毛装置。 P. pacifica 顶端复合体与食道相连，由假圆锥体、微线体和电子致密囊泡组成。假圆锥体是由八个短微管以及源自鞭毛器的微管组成的带组成的凸片。鞭毛器由三个微管根组成。附着在后基体上的微管根之一连接到旁路微管束，微管束本身连接到假圆锥体的延伸部。这些复杂的连接，其中顶端复合体是鞭毛器的延伸，反映了两者的祖先状态，可以追溯到顶端复合体和甲藻的共同祖先。
The apical complex is one of the defining features of apicomplexan parasites, including the malaria parasite Plasmodium, where it mediates host penetration and invasion. The apical complex is also known in a few related lineages, including several non-parasitic heterotrophs, where it mediates feeding behaviour. The origin of the apical complex is unclear, and one reason for this is that in apicomplexans it exists in only part of the life cycle, and never simultaneously with other major cytoskeletal structures like flagella and basal bodies. Here, we used conventional TEM and serial TEM tomography to reconstruct the three dimensional structure of the apical complex in Psammosa pacifica, a predatory relative of apicomplexans and dinoflagellates that retains the archetype apical complex and the flagellar apparatus simultaneously. The P. pacifica apical complex is associated with the gullet and consists of the pseudoconoid, micronemes, and electron dense vesicles. The pseudoconoid is a convex sheet consisting of eight short microtubules, plus a band made up of microtubules that originate from the flagellar apparatus. The flagellar apparatus consists of three microtubular roots. One of the microtubular roots attached to the posterior basal body is connected to bypassing microtubular strands, which are themselves connected to the extension of the pseudoconoid. These complex connections where the apical complex is an extension of the flagellar apparatus, reflect the ancestral state of both, dating back to the common ancestor of apicaomplexans and dinoflagellates.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Gubbels MJ;Duraisingh MT
通讯作者：
Duraisingh MT
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cumbo, Vivian R.;Baird, Andrew H.;Marquis, Christopher P.
通讯作者：
Marquis, Christopher P.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Calado, Antonio J.;Craveiro, Sandra C.;Moestrup, Ojvind
通讯作者：
Moestrup, Ojvind
影响因子：
--
作者：
de Leon, Jessica Cruz;Scheumann, Nicole;Morrissette, Naomi S.
通讯作者：
Morrissette, Naomi S.
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1954.3.1008
发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
GUSTAFSON, PV;AGAR, HD;CRAMER, DI
通讯作者：
CRAMER, DI