Using cloud radar to investigate the effect of rainfall on migratory insect flight
Using cloud radar to investigate the effect of rainfall on migratory insect flight
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利用云雷达研究降雨对迁徙昆虫飞行的影响
DOI：
10.1111/2041-210x.14023
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Richter, David H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wainwright, Charlotte E.;Volponi, Sabrina N.;Stepanian, Phillip M.;Reynolds, Don R.;Richter, David H.
在建立昆虫运动模型时，飞行中遇到降雨的迁徙昆虫的命运是一个重要的考虑因素，但由于见证这些遭遇的后勤挑战，很少收集到对这种常见现象的现场观察。气象机构已经在世界各地部署了运行中的云雷达来研究降水物理，并作为副产品提供了丰富的昆虫观测数据库，研究人员可以免费获得。虽然收集数据的气象学家认为这是不必要的“杂波”，但这里提出的分析方法使生态学家能够描绘昆虫和雨滴的共生信号。我们提出了一种方法，利用云雷达速度谱上的图像处理技术来检查迁徙的昆虫在遇到降水时的命运。通过分析速度谱，我们可以区分飞行昆虫和降雨，并比较降雨前、降雨期间和降雨后飞行昆虫的相对密度。我们在美国俄克拉何马州的一个昆虫迁徙的案例中演示了这种方法。使用这种方法，我们展示了第一个在降雨期间飞行的昆虫层的重建图像。我们的分析表明，温和到适度的降雨会减少高空昆虫的数量，但不会像之前建议的那样导致迁徙飞行的完全终止。我们希望这项技术将推动对天气条件变化如何影响昆虫迁徙的进一步研究，并使一些在文献中未被充分代表的世界地区的此类研究成为可能。
The fate of migrating insects that encounter rainfall in flight is a critical consideration when modelling insect movement, but few field observations of this common phenomenon have ever been collected due to the logistical challenges of witnessing these encounters. Operational cloud radars have been deployed around the world by meteorological agencies to study precipitation physics, and as a byproduct, provide a rich database of insect observations that is freely available to researchers. Although considered unwanted ‘clutter’ by the meteorologists who collect the data, the analysis method presented here enables ecologists to delineate co‐occurring signals from insects and raindrops.We present a method that uses image processing techniques on cloud radar velocity spectra to examine the fate of migrating insects when they encounter precipitation. By analysing velocity spectra, we can distinguish flying insects from falling rain and compare the relative density of insects in flight before, during and after the rainfall. We demonstrate the method on a case of insect migration in Oklahoma, USA.Using this method, we show the first reconstructed images of migrating insect layers in flight during rainfall. Our analysis shows that mild to moderate rainfall diminishes the number of insects aloft but does not cause full termination of migratory flight, as has previously been suggested.We hope this technique will spur further investigations of how changing weather conditions impact insect migration, and enable some of the first of such studies in regions of the world that are underrepresented in the literature.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Boulanger, Yan;Fabry, Frederic;Saint-Amant, Remi
通讯作者：
Saint-Amant, Remi
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Banghoff, John R.;Stensrud, David J.;Kumjian, Matthew R.
通讯作者：
Kumjian, Matthew R.
乘风而行：昆虫迁徙的空气生态学
影响因子：
3
作者：
D. Reynolds;J. Chapman;V. Drake
通讯作者：
V. Drake
DOI：
10.4039/entm112110fv
发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
MEMOIRS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA
影响因子：
--
作者：
GREENBANK, DO;SCHAEFER, GW;RAINEY, RC
通讯作者：
RAINEY, RC
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Delanoe, Julien;Protat, Alain;Dupont, Jean-Charles
通讯作者：
Dupont, Jean-Charles