Auditory verbal hallucinations in persons with and without a need for care.
Auditory verbal hallucinations in persons with and without a need for care.
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbu005
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Larøi F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johns LC;Kompus K;Connell M;Humpston C;Lincoln TM;Longden E;Preti A;Alderson-Day B;Badcock JC;Cella M;Fernyhough C;McCarthy-Jones S;Peters E;Raballo A;Scott J;Siddi S;Sommer IE;Larøi F
听性言语幻觉(AVH)是在各种临床疾病的背景下发生的复杂体验。AVH也发生在普通人群中，没有可识别的精神或神经学诊断的个人。本文回顾了非临床个体的AVH研究，并对这些经验在定义精神疾病风险和护理需求方面的临床相关性提供了跨学科的观点。AVH的患病率根据测量工具的不同而不同，并表明普通人群中有连续的经历。对有和不需要护理的AVH患者进行横断面比较，揭示了现象学上的相似之处和一些潜在的机制，但也突出了AVH在情感效价、评估和行为反应方面的关键差异。纵向研究表明，当与消极的情绪状态、特定的认知困难和糟糕的应对能力、加上精神病家族史和环境暴露(如童年逆境)相结合时，AVH是临床障碍的先兆。然而，它们对特定精神障碍的预测价值并不完全清楚。讨论了回顾结果的理论和临床意义，以及未来研究的方向。
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are complex experiences that occur in the context of various clinical disorders. AVH also occur in individuals from the general population who have no identifiable psychiatric or neurological diagnoses. This article reviews research on AVH in nonclinical individuals and provides a cross-disciplinary view of the clinical relevance of these experiences in defining the risk of mental illness and need for care. Prevalence rates of AVH vary according to measurement tool and indicate a continuum of experience in the general population. Cross-sectional comparisons of individuals with AVH with and without need for care reveal similarities in phenomenology and some underlying mechanisms but also highlight key differences in emotional valence of AVH, appraisals, and behavioral response. Longitudinal studies suggest that AVH are an antecedent of clinical disorders when combined with negative emotional states, specific cognitive difficulties and poor coping, plus family history of psychosis, and environmental exposures such as childhood adversity. However, their predictive value for specific psychiatric disorders is not entirely clear. The theoretical and clinical implications of the reviewed findings are discussed, together with directions for future research.
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