Soft material for soft actuators.

Soft material for soft actuators.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-00685-3
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发表时间:
2017-09-19
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Lipson H
Lipson H
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miriyev A;Stack K;Lipson H

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受天然肌肉的启发,软机器人的一个关键挑战是开发具有高应变密度的自给式电动软执行器。现有技术的各种特性,例如触发电活性聚合物所需的高电压(> 1KV),形状记忆合金的低应变(< 10%)以及液压或气动流控体执行器需要外部压缩机和压力调节组件,限制了它们在非系绳应用中的实用性。在这里,我们展示了一种独立的柔软坚固的复合材料,它结合了聚合物基体的弹性特性和伴随液-气转变的极端体积变化。该材料结合了高应变(高达900%)和相应的高应力(高达1.3 MPa)和低密度(0.84 g cm−3)。再加上其极低的成本(每克约3美分)、制造简单和环保,这些特性可以使新型的全电动软机器人成为可能。自备式高应变密度电动软执行器的研制是一个难点。在这里,作者展示了一种独立的柔软坚固的复合材料,它结合了聚合物基体的弹性特性和伴随液态蒸汽转变的极端体积变化。
Inspired by natural muscle, a key challenge in soft robotics is to develop self-contained electrically driven soft actuators with high strain density. Various characteristics of existing technologies, such as the high voltages required to trigger electroactive polymers ( > 1KV), low strain ( < 10%) of shape memory alloys and the need for external compressors and pressure-regulating components for hydraulic or pneumatic fluidicelastomer actuators, limit their practicality for untethered applications. Here we show a single self-contained soft robust composite material that combines the elastic properties of a polymeric matrix and the extreme volume change accompanying liquid–vapor transition. The material combines a high strain (up to 900%) and correspondingly high stress (up to 1.3 MPa) with low density (0.84 g cm−3). Along with its extremely low cost (about 3 cent per gram), simplicity of fabrication and environment-friendliness, these properties could enable new kinds of electrically driven entirely soft robots. The development of self-contained electrically driven soft actuators with high strain density is difficult. Here the authors show a single self-contained soft robust composite material that combines the elastic properties of a polymeric matrix and the extreme volume change accompanying liquid vapour transition.
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