Migratory flight on the Pacific Flyway: strategies and tendencies of wind drift compensation
Migratory flight on the Pacific Flyway: strategies and tendencies of wind drift compensation
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太平洋迁徙路线上的迁徙飞行：风漂补偿策略与趋势
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2019.0383
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Horton, Kyle G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newcombe, Patrick B.;Nilsson, Cecilia;Lin, Tsung-Yu;Winner, Kevin;Bernstein, Garrett;Maji, Subhransu;Sheldon, Daniel;Farnsworth, Andrew;Horton, Kyle G.
应用遥感数据监测鸟类迁徙，使人们对整个迁徙路线上的迁徙幅度和范围有了新的认识。数以百万计的鸟类穿越美国西部，但这一地区作为一个迁徙走廊却没有得到充分的研究。太平洋飞行路线的特征化运动提供了一个独特的机会，可以研究最近在大西洋和中央飞行路线中突出显示的补充模式。我们使用春季和秋季（1995-2018年）的天气监测雷达数据来研究太平洋飞行路线上与风有关的移民行为。总体而言，春季候鸟倾向于随风漂流，但在北方纬度和太平洋海岸线更远的内陆地区则不太如此。风和秋季飞行行为之间的关系不那么引人注目，没有纬度或沿海的依赖关系。在首选的运动方向（PDM）和风向的差异预测漂移模式在春季和秋季，增加漂移时，风向和PDM差异高。我们还观察到，与秋季相比，春季通过太平洋飞行路线的总飞行活动更大。鸟类的飞行策略、风和季节性之间的这种复杂关系突出了迁徙系统中的变化。这些尺度的特征补充了我们对阐明空中动物运动策略的理解。
Applications of remote sensing data to monitor bird migration usher a new understanding of magnitude and extent of movements across entire flyways. Millions of birds move through the western USA, yet this region is understudied as a migratory corridor. Characterizing movements in the Pacific Flyway offers a unique opportunity to study complementary patterns to those recently highlighted in the Atlantic and Central Flyways. We use weather surveillance radar data from spring and autumn (1995–2018) to examine migrants' behaviours in relation to winds in the Pacific Flyway. Overall, spring migrants tended to drift on winds, but less so at northern latitudes and farther inland from the Pacific coastline. Relationships between winds and autumn flight behaviours were less striking, with no latitudinal or coastal dependencies. Differences in the preferred direction of movement (PDM) and wind direction predicted drift patterns during spring and autumn, with increased drift when wind direction and PDM differences were high. We also observed greater total flight activity through the Pacific Flyway during the spring when compared with the autumn. Such complex relationships among birds’ flight strategies, winds and seasonality highlight the variation within a migration system. Characterizations at these scales complement our understanding of strategies to clarify aerial animal movements.
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