ABO Genetic Variation in Neanderthals and Denisovans.

ABO Genetic Variation in Neanderthals and Denisovans.
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DOI:
10.1093/molbev/msab109
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发表时间:
2021-07-29
影响因子:
10.7
通讯作者:
Fox K
Fox K
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Villanea FA;Huerta-Sanchez E;Fox K

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ABO基因座的变异是人类群体身份和历史研究中最早的数据来源之一,由于其在血液和组织输血中的重要性,至今仍被广泛进行基因分型。在这里,我们看看我们古老的亲戚:尼安德特人和丹尼索瓦人的ABO血型变异。我们的目标是了解古人类ABO基因的遗传景观,以及它与现代人类ABO变异的关系。我们在西伯利亚尼安德特人中发现了O等位基因的两种尼安德特人变体(O1和O2),其中一种变体与欧洲尼安德特人共享,后者是该O1变体的杂合子和罕见的顺式AB变体。丹尼索瓦人的O1等位基因的两个变体是杂合的,在功能上与现代人类中广泛发现的变体相似。也许更令人惊讶的是,在西伯利亚尼安德特人中发现的O2等位基因变异在现代欧洲人和东南亚人中的频率很低,而在西伯利亚和欧洲尼安德特人中发现的O1等位基因变异在现代东亚人中的频率也很低。我们的遗传距离分析表明,由于与尼安德特人的近亲繁殖,这两个等位基因在现代人类中得以生存。我们发现,在现代人类中幸存的尼安德特人样O等位基因的序列背景保留了较高的序列差异比其他幸存的尼安德特人基因组片段,支持平衡选择的观点,通过保留高度多样化的单倍型在尼安德特人ABO等位基因相比,部分基因组进化中性。
Variation at the ABO locus was one of the earliest sources of data in the study of human population identity and history, and to this day remains widely genotyped due to its importance in blood and tissue transfusions. Here, we look at ABO blood type variants in our archaic relatives: Neanderthals and Denisovans. Our goal is to understand the genetic landscape of the ABO gene in archaic humans, and how it relates to modern human ABO variation. We found two Neanderthal variants of the O allele in the Siberian Neanderthals (O1 and O2), one of these variants is shared with an European Neanderthal, who is a heterozygote for this O1 variant and a rare cis-AB variant. The Denisovan individual is heterozygous for two variants of the O1 allele, functionally similar to variants found widely in modern humans. Perhaps more surprisingly, the O2 allele variant found in Siberian Neanderthals can be found at low frequencies in modern Europeans and Southeast Asians, and the O1 allele variant found in Siberian and European Neanderthal is also found at very low frequency in modern East Asians. Our genetic distance analyses suggest both alleles survive in modern humans due to inbreeding with Neanderthals. We find that the sequence backgrounds of the surviving Neanderthal-like O alleles in modern humans retain a higher sequence divergence than other surviving Neanderthal genome fragments, supporting a view of balancing selection operating in the Neanderthal ABO alleles by retaining highly diverse haplotypes compared with portions of the genome evolving neutrally.
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影响因子: 3.5
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影响因子: 3
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发表时间: 2014-01-02
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
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发表时间: 2018-03-22
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影响因子: 64.5
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