Ruins in the making: socio-spatial struggles over extraction and export in the Sino-Mongolian Borderlands

Ruins in the making: socio-spatial struggles over extraction and export in the Sino-Mongolian Borderlands
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正在形成的废墟:中蒙边境地区开采和出口的社会空间斗争

DOI:
10.1080/15387216.2022.2132971
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Ahearn A
Ahearn A
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ahearn A

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蒙古丰富的矿产资源引发了多个利益相关者之间的竞争和冲突。在这里,我们研究了中蒙边境地区当地在开采和出口方面的斗争,为采矿前沿的当代农村治理转型提供视角。基于多年的国内研究和深入的参与者见解,我们提出并分析了蒙古戈壁矿带地方政府行为者所面临的困境,以解决草原上冲突或合作之间的二分法。鉴于在传统上由流动牧民使用的土地上露天开采矿物的短暂性和固有的环境破坏性,地方当局如何为当地和选民争取更美好的未来进行谈判?我们从有关毁灭的理论工作中汲取灵感,强调了土地、领土和发展争议的物质和空间要素。通过利用与环境保护、官僚程序和企业社会责任相关的法律,地方当局找到了创造性的方法来减缓矿物开采对其土地的物理破坏,为传统生计挽救空间并为当地投资获取利益。然而,这些形式的制度阻力揭示了地方机构在农村治理中的弱化,因为地方当局和公民被排除在大规模发展决策过程之外。
Mongolia’s fabulous mineral wealth has led to competition and conflict amongst multiple stakeholders. Here we examine local struggles over extraction and export in the Sino-Mongolia Borderlands to offer a perspective on contemporary rural governance transformations in mining frontiers. Grounding years of in-country research with in-depth participant insights, we present and analyze the dilemmas faced by local government actors in Mongolia’s Gobi mining belt in order to problematize the dichotomy between conflict or cooperation on the steppe. Given the fleeting and inherently environmentally destructive nature of open-pit mineral extraction on land traditionally used by mobile pastoralists, how do local authorities negotiate for a better future for their locality and constituents? Drawing inspiration from theoretical work on ruination, we highlight the material and spatial elements of contestations over land, territory and development. By leveraging laws related to environmental protection, bureaucratic procedures and corporate social responsibility, local authorities have found creative ways to slow down the physical destruction of their lands from mineral extraction, salvage space for traditional livelihoods and capture benefits for local investment. These forms of institutional resistance, however, reveal the weakening of local institutions in rural governance as local authorities and citizens are excluded from large-scale development decision-making processes.
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